英文:
I want to test a controller without using @SpringBootTest
问题
我有以下的测试类：
@SpringBootTest
public class ChoreControllerTest
{
@Autowired
private ChoreController controller;
@Test
public void throwOnMissingChore()
{
assertThrows(ChoreNotFoundException.class, () -> this.controller.getChore(0L));
}
}
Spring Boot 启动大约需要 5 秒钟，以便测试可以运行。我想缩短这个时间，但如果我只是移除 @SpringBootTest 注解，我会得到一个 NPE（NullPointerException）。
有没有办法使这个控制器测试变得更加轻量，还是我必须忍受启动时间？我特别担心如果我想测试多个控制器，我的测试时间会怎么样……
英文:
I have the following test class:
@SpringBootTest
public class ChoreControllerTest
{
@Autowired
private ChoreController controller;
@Test
public void throwOnMissingChore()
{
assertThrows(ChoreNotFoundException.class, () -> this.controller.getChore(0L));
}
}
It takes about 5 seconds for Spring Boot to start up so the test can run. I want to reduce this time, but if I just remove the @SpringBootTest annotaton, I just get a NPE.
Is there a way to make this controller test more lightweight, or am I stuck with the startup time? I'm especially worried about what will happen to my test times if I ever want to test more than one controller....
答案1
得分: 4
@SpringBootTest注解会为您创建一个Spring上下文，因此启动需要一些时间。这个注解主要用于需要Spring上下文的集成测试。这里有一些优化集成测试的建议。
如果您移除这个注解，ChoreController将无法自动注入（没有可用的上下文），从而导致NullpointerException。
根据您的需求，您可以使用Mockito等模拟库来注入模拟对象，比如控制器类需要的服务，并在没有@SpringBootTest的情况下运行测试。
您可能想查看这篇文章以正确设置这些模拟对象。
英文:
The @SpringBootTest annotations create a Spring Context for you therefore it takes a while to start up. This annotation is mostly used for integration tests where a Spring context is required. Here are a few tips for optimizing integration tests.
If you remove the annotation the ChoreController cannot be autowired (no context available) which results in a NullpointerException.
Depending on your needs you can just use a Mocking library like Mockito to inject mocks e.g. services that your controller class needs and run the test without the @SpringBootTest.
You might want to take a look at this article for setting up those mocks properly.
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