Gradle and Docker: How to run a Gradle build within Docker container?

I have the following docker file that runs a spring boot application:

# For Java 11, try this
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk11:alpine-jre

#
ARG JAR_FILE=/build/libs/pokerstats-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

#
WORKDIR /opt/app

#
COPY ${JAR_FILE} app.jar

#
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","app.jar"]

The issue is that currently I have to run gradle clean build on my host machine first to create the jar file on my local machine at path:

/build/libs/pokerstats-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

How can I put this gradle clean build into my docker file so that the build step is done inside the container?

edit:

I want the steps for a user to be:

1. Clone my project from github
2. run docker build -t pokerstats . - which will do the gradle build
3. run docker container run -d -p 8080:8080 pokerstats

The user will clone my project from github - I then want them to be able to run the docker container without having to build the project with gradle first - I.e. I want the docker file to do the build and copy the jar into the container.

After reading this article I have been able to solve this using a Multi Stage Docker Build. Please see the Docker file below:

# using multistage docker build
# ref: https://docs.docker.com/develop/develop-images/multistage-build/
    
# temp container to build using gradle
FROM gradle:5.3.0-jdk-alpine AS TEMP_BUILD_IMAGE
ENV APP_HOME=/usr/app/
WORKDIR $APP_HOME
COPY build.gradle settings.gradle $APP_HOME
  
COPY gradle $APP_HOME/gradle
COPY --chown=gradle:gradle . /home/gradle/src
USER root
RUN chown -R gradle /home/gradle/src
    
RUN gradle build || return 0
COPY . .
RUN gradle clean build
    
# actual container
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk11:alpine-jre
ENV ARTIFACT_NAME=pokerstats-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
ENV APP_HOME=/usr/app/
    
WORKDIR $APP_HOME
COPY --from=TEMP_BUILD_IMAGE $APP_HOME/build/libs/$ARTIFACT_NAME .
    
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT exec java -jar ${ARTIFACT_NAME}

Mutli stage build. Be sure to have build.gradle and settings.gradle files included in your project directory, I tried to make it as clean and concise as possible:

<!-- begin snippet -->
#Build stage

FROM gradle:latest AS BUILD
WORKDIR /usr/app/
COPY . . 
RUN gradle build

# Package stage

FROM openjdk:latest
ENV JAR_NAME=app.jar
ENV APP_HOME=/usr/app/
WORKDIR $APP_HOME
COPY --from=BUILD $APP_HOME .
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT exec java -jar $APP_HOME/build/libs/$JAR_NAME  

<!-- end snippet -->

Make sure to change JAR_NAME variable to your generated jar file name.

Build stage

FROM gradle:jdk11-alpine AS BUILD_STAGE
COPY --chown=gradle:gradle . /home/gradle
RUN gradle build || return 1

Package stage

FROM openjdk:11.0.11-jre
ENV ARTIFACT_NAME=app.jar
ENV APP_HOME=/app
COPY --from=BUILD_STAGE /home/gradle/build/libs/$ARTIFACT_NAME $APP_HOME/
WORKDIR $APP_HOME
RUN groupadd -r -g 1000 user && useradd -r -g user -u 1000 user
RUN chown -R user:user /app
USER user
ENTRYPOINT exec java -jar ${ARTIFACT_NAME}