MockMvc控制器测试并返回NullPointerException。

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英文:

MockMvc Controller Testing and return NullPointerException

问题

以下是您提供的内容的翻译部分:

我在RestController测试中遇到了MockMvc实例的问题
我为PostMapping和GetMapping创建了一个测试在设置中我创建了一个控制器的MockMvc但是当我在方法的测试中使用它时我一直收到NullPointerException
我是测试新手有人可以帮帮我吗谢谢

这是我的控制器

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/courses")
public class CourseController {
    @Autowired
    private CourseService courseService;

    @GetMapping
    public List<Course> GetAllCourses() {
        return courseService.AllCourses();
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<Course> GetOneCourseByID(@PathVariable Long id) {
        Course course = courseService.findOneCourse(id);
        if (course == null) {
            return new ResponseEntity<Course>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
        }
        return new ResponseEntity<Course>(course, HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    @PostMapping
    public Course AddCourse(@RequestBody Course course) {
        courseService.addCourse(course);
        return course;
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public String deleteCourse(@PathVariable Long id) {
        return courseService.deleteCourse(id);
    }

    @PutMapping("/{id}")
    public Course updateCourse(@RequestBody Course course) {
        return courseService.updateCourse(course);
    }
}

这是我的服务

@Transactional
@Service
public class CourseService {

    @Autowired
    private CourseRepository courseRepository;

    public List<Course> AllCourses() {
        return courseRepository.findAll();
    }

    public Course findOneCourse(Long id) {
        return courseRepository.findOneById(id);
    }

    public Course addCourse(Course course) {
        courseRepository.save(course);
        return course;
    }

    public Course updateCourse(Course course) {
        courseRepository.save(course);
        return course;
    }

    public String deleteCourse(Long id) {
        courseRepository.deleteById(id);
        return "Deleted";
    }
}

**我已经使用Mockito为我的Controller创建了一个单元测试**

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class CourseControllerTest {

private static Course course1;
private static List<Course> courseList = new ArrayList<>();

// 在控制器上注入模拟
@InjectMocks
private CourseController courseController;
// 定义模拟MVC

private MockMvc mockMvc;

// 模拟仓库
@Mock
private CourseRepository courseRepository;

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(courseController).build();
}

@BeforeEach
public void setupMethods() {
    course1 = new Course();
    course1.setId(13L);
    course1.setName("Java Script");
    course1.setDescription("Web Developing with Java Script");

    Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher("Koen", "Groffieon", 26, "koen@capgemini.com");
    Section section1 = new Section("Programming");

    course1.getSection().add(section1);
    course1.setTeacher(teacher1);
    section1.getCourses().add(course1);
    teacher1.getCourses().add(course1);
    courseList.add(course1);
    courseRepository.save(course1);
}

@Test
public void GetCourseTest() throws Exception {

    when(courseRepository.findAll()).thenReturn(courseList);
    mockMvc.perform(get("/api/courses"))
            .andDo(print())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$", Matchers.hasSize(1)))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].id", is(13)))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].name", is("Java Script")))
            .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());

}

@Test
public void postCourseTest() throws Exception {

    // 定义用于json数据的映射器
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(course1);

    when(courseRepository.save(Mockito.any(Course.class))).thenReturn(course1);

    this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/api/courses")
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content(json))
            .andDo(print())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.id", Matchers.is((course1.getId().intValue()))))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", Matchers.is(course1.getName())))
            .andExpect(status().isOk());

}
}

但我遇到了以下问题:

java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.mockitoexample.controllers.CourseControllerTest.postCourseTest(CourseControllerTest.java:110)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1$1.evaluate(DefaultInternalRunner.java:46)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:77)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:83)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.StrictRunner.run(StrictRunner.java:39)
at org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:163)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)

(注意:代码中的Markdown标记无法直接转换为纯文本,已将其删除。)

如果您需要关于问题的解决方案,我可以帮助您进行分析和解释。

英文:

I am facing a problem with my MockMvc instatnce in the RestController test,
I created a test for PostMapping and GetMapping. In the setup a created a MockMvc of my controller but when I use it inside the test of my methods, I keep receiving a NullPointerException.
I am new in testing, Can anyone please help me with this, Thanks

This is my controller

    @RestController
@RequestMapping(&quot;/api/courses&quot;)
public class CourseController {
@Autowired
private CourseService courseService;
@GetMapping
public List&lt;Course&gt; GetAllCourses() {
return courseService.AllCourses();
}
@GetMapping(&quot;/{id}&quot;)
public ResponseEntity&lt;Course&gt; GetOneCourseByID(@PathVariable Long id) {
Course course = courseService.findOneCourse(id);
if(course == null){
return new ResponseEntity&lt;Course&gt;(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
}
return new
ResponseEntity&lt;Course&gt;(course, HttpStatus.OK);
}
@PostMapping
public Course AddCourse(@RequestBody Course course){
courseService.addCourse(course);
return course;
}
@DeleteMapping(&quot;/{id}&quot;)
public String deleteCourse(@PathVariable Long id) {
return courseService.deleteCourse(id);
}
@PutMapping(&quot;/{id}&quot;)
public Course updateCourse(@RequestBody Course course) {
return courseService.updateCourse(course);
}
}
This is my service
@Transactional
@Service
public class CourseService {
@Autowired
private CourseRepository courseRepository;
public List&lt;Course&gt; AllCourses() {
return courseRepository.findAll();
}
public Course findOneCourse(Long id)  {
return courseRepository.findOneById(id);
}
public Course addCourse(Course course) {
courseRepository.save(course);
return course;
}
public Course updateCourse(Course course) {
courseRepository.save(course);
return course;
}
public String deleteCourse(Long id) {
courseRepository.deleteById(id);
return &quot;Deleted&quot;;
}
}

I have created a Unit test with Mockito for my Controller:

    @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class CourseControllerTest {
private static Course course1;
private static List&lt;Course&gt; courseList = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();
// inject the mock on the controller
@InjectMocks
private CourseController courseController;
// define mock MVC
private MockMvc mockMvc;
// mock the respository
@Mock
private CourseRepository courseRepository;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(courseController).build();
}
@BeforeEach
public void setupMethods() {
course1 = new Course();
course1.setId(13L);
course1.setName(&quot;Java Script&quot;);
course1.setDescription(&quot;Web Developing with Java Script&quot;);
Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher(&quot;Koen&quot;, &quot;Groffieon&quot;, 26, &quot;koen@capgemini.com&quot;);
Section section1 = new Section(&quot;Programming&quot;);
course1.getSection().add(section1);
course1.setTeacher(teacher1);
section1.getCourses().add(course1);
teacher1.getCourses().add(course1);
courseList.add(course1);
courseRepository.save(course1);
}
@Test
public void GetCourseTest() throws Exception {
when(courseRepository.findAll()).thenReturn(courseList);
mockMvc.perform(get(&quot;/api/courses&quot;))
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(jsonPath(&quot;$&quot;, Matchers.hasSize(1)))
.andExpect(jsonPath(&quot;$.[0].id&quot;, is(13)))
.andExpect(jsonPath(&quot;$.[0].name&quot;, is(&quot;Java Script&quot;)))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
}
@Test
public void postCourseTest() throws Exception {
// define a mapper for json data
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(course1);
when(courseRepository.save(Mockito.any(Course.class))).thenReturn(course1);
this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post(&quot;/api/courses&quot;)
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(json))
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(jsonPath(&quot;$.id&quot;, Matchers.is((course1.getId().intValue()))))
.andExpect(jsonPath(&quot;$.name&quot;, Matchers.is(course1.getName())))
.andExpect(status().isOk()
);
// verify(courseRepository,times(1)).save(Mockito.any(Course.class));
}
}

But I am facing a problem as following:

java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.mockitoexample.controllers.CourseControllerTest.postCourseTest(CourseControllerTest.java:110)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1$1.evaluate(DefaultInternalRunner.java:46)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:77)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:83)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.StrictRunner.run(StrictRunner.java:39)
at org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:163)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)

答案1

得分: 2

你需要将 CourseRepository 替换为 CourseService 并注入到你的控制器中,然后对该服务进行一些模拟测试,如下所示:

@Mock
private CourseService courseService;

// 在你的 GetCourseTest() 内部
when(courseService.AllCourses()).thenReturn(courseList);
英文:

You need to inject a CourseService instead of CourseRepository into your Controller, and then do some mocking tests on the service like:

@Mock
private CourseService courseService;
//inside your GetCourseTest()
when(courseService.AllCourses()).thenReturn(courseList);

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  • 本文由 发表于 2020年4月7日 16:55:17
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/61076262.html
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