英文:
MockMvc Controller Testing and return NullPointerException
问题
以下是您提供的内容的翻译部分:
我在RestController测试中遇到了MockMvc实例的问题,
我为PostMapping和GetMapping创建了一个测试。在设置中,我创建了一个控制器的MockMvc,但是当我在方法的测试中使用它时,我一直收到NullPointerException。
我是测试新手,有人可以帮帮我吗?谢谢。
这是我的控制器:
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/courses")
public class CourseController {
@Autowired
private CourseService courseService;
@GetMapping
public List<Course> GetAllCourses() {
return courseService.AllCourses();
}
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public ResponseEntity<Course> GetOneCourseByID(@PathVariable Long id) {
Course course = courseService.findOneCourse(id);
if (course == null) {
return new ResponseEntity<Course>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
}
return new ResponseEntity<Course>(course, HttpStatus.OK);
}
@PostMapping
public Course AddCourse(@RequestBody Course course) {
courseService.addCourse(course);
return course;
}
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
public String deleteCourse(@PathVariable Long id) {
return courseService.deleteCourse(id);
}
@PutMapping("/{id}")
public Course updateCourse(@RequestBody Course course) {
return courseService.updateCourse(course);
}
}
这是我的服务:
@Transactional
@Service
public class CourseService {
@Autowired
private CourseRepository courseRepository;
public List<Course> AllCourses() {
return courseRepository.findAll();
}
public Course findOneCourse(Long id) {
return courseRepository.findOneById(id);
}
public Course addCourse(Course course) {
courseRepository.save(course);
return course;
}
public Course updateCourse(Course course) {
courseRepository.save(course);
return course;
}
public String deleteCourse(Long id) {
courseRepository.deleteById(id);
return "Deleted";
}
}
**我已经使用Mockito为我的Controller创建了一个单元测试:**
@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class CourseControllerTest {
private static Course course1;
private static List<Course> courseList = new ArrayList<>();
// 在控制器上注入模拟
@InjectMocks
private CourseController courseController;
// 定义模拟MVC
private MockMvc mockMvc;
// 模拟仓库
@Mock
private CourseRepository courseRepository;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(courseController).build();
}
@BeforeEach
public void setupMethods() {
course1 = new Course();
course1.setId(13L);
course1.setName("Java Script");
course1.setDescription("Web Developing with Java Script");
Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher("Koen", "Groffieon", 26, "koen@capgemini.com");
Section section1 = new Section("Programming");
course1.getSection().add(section1);
course1.setTeacher(teacher1);
section1.getCourses().add(course1);
teacher1.getCourses().add(course1);
courseList.add(course1);
courseRepository.save(course1);
}
@Test
public void GetCourseTest() throws Exception {
when(courseRepository.findAll()).thenReturn(courseList);
mockMvc.perform(get("/api/courses"))
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$", Matchers.hasSize(1)))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].id", is(13)))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].name", is("Java Script")))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
}
@Test
public void postCourseTest() throws Exception {
// 定义用于json数据的映射器
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(course1);
when(courseRepository.save(Mockito.any(Course.class))).thenReturn(course1);
this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/api/courses")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(json))
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.id", Matchers.is((course1.getId().intValue()))))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", Matchers.is(course1.getName())))
.andExpect(status().isOk());
}
}
但我遇到了以下问题:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.mockitoexample.controllers.CourseControllerTest.postCourseTest(CourseControllerTest.java:110)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1$1.evaluate(DefaultInternalRunner.java:46)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:77)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:83)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.StrictRunner.run(StrictRunner.java:39)
at org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:163)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
(注意:代码中的Markdown标记无法直接转换为纯文本,已将其删除。)
如果您需要关于问题的解决方案,我可以帮助您进行分析和解释。
英文:
I am facing a problem with my MockMvc instatnce in the RestController test,
I created a test for PostMapping and GetMapping. In the setup a created a MockMvc of my controller but when I use it inside the test of my methods, I keep receiving a NullPointerException.
I am new in testing, Can anyone please help me with this, Thanks
This is my controller
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/courses")
public class CourseController {
@Autowired
private CourseService courseService;
@GetMapping
public List<Course> GetAllCourses() {
return courseService.AllCourses();
}
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public ResponseEntity<Course> GetOneCourseByID(@PathVariable Long id) {
Course course = courseService.findOneCourse(id);
if(course == null){
return new ResponseEntity<Course>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
}
return new
ResponseEntity<Course>(course, HttpStatus.OK);
}
@PostMapping
public Course AddCourse(@RequestBody Course course){
courseService.addCourse(course);
return course;
}
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
public String deleteCourse(@PathVariable Long id) {
return courseService.deleteCourse(id);
}
@PutMapping("/{id}")
public Course updateCourse(@RequestBody Course course) {
return courseService.updateCourse(course);
}
}
This is my service
@Transactional
@Service
public class CourseService {
@Autowired
private CourseRepository courseRepository;
public List<Course> AllCourses() {
return courseRepository.findAll();
}
public Course findOneCourse(Long id) {
return courseRepository.findOneById(id);
}
public Course addCourse(Course course) {
courseRepository.save(course);
return course;
}
public Course updateCourse(Course course) {
courseRepository.save(course);
return course;
}
public String deleteCourse(Long id) {
courseRepository.deleteById(id);
return "Deleted";
}
}
I have created a Unit test with Mockito for my Controller:
@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class CourseControllerTest {
private static Course course1;
private static List<Course> courseList = new ArrayList<>();
// inject the mock on the controller
@InjectMocks
private CourseController courseController;
// define mock MVC
private MockMvc mockMvc;
// mock the respository
@Mock
private CourseRepository courseRepository;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(courseController).build();
}
@BeforeEach
public void setupMethods() {
course1 = new Course();
course1.setId(13L);
course1.setName("Java Script");
course1.setDescription("Web Developing with Java Script");
Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher("Koen", "Groffieon", 26, "koen@capgemini.com");
Section section1 = new Section("Programming");
course1.getSection().add(section1);
course1.setTeacher(teacher1);
section1.getCourses().add(course1);
teacher1.getCourses().add(course1);
courseList.add(course1);
courseRepository.save(course1);
}
@Test
public void GetCourseTest() throws Exception {
when(courseRepository.findAll()).thenReturn(courseList);
mockMvc.perform(get("/api/courses"))
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$", Matchers.hasSize(1)))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.[0].id", is(13)))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.[0].name", is("Java Script")))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
}
@Test
public void postCourseTest() throws Exception {
// define a mapper for json data
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(course1);
when(courseRepository.save(Mockito.any(Course.class))).thenReturn(course1);
this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/api/courses")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(json))
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.id", Matchers.is((course1.getId().intValue()))))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", Matchers.is(course1.getName())))
.andExpect(status().isOk()
);
// verify(courseRepository,times(1)).save(Mockito.any(Course.class));
}
}
But I am facing a problem as following:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.mockitoexample.controllers.CourseControllerTest.postCourseTest(CourseControllerTest.java:110)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1$1.evaluate(DefaultInternalRunner.java:46)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:77)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:83)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.StrictRunner.run(StrictRunner.java:39)
at org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:163)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
答案1
得分: 2
你需要将 CourseRepository
替换为 CourseService
并注入到你的控制器中,然后对该服务进行一些模拟测试,如下所示:
@Mock
private CourseService courseService;
// 在你的 GetCourseTest() 内部
when(courseService.AllCourses()).thenReturn(courseList);
英文:
You need to inject a CourseService
instead of CourseRepository
into your Controller, and then do some mocking tests on the service like:
@Mock
private CourseService courseService;
//inside your GetCourseTest()
when(courseService.AllCourses()).thenReturn(courseList);
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