如何在链表末尾添加一个节点?

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英文:

How to add a node at the end of a linked list?

问题

首先,让我看一下你的代码。以下是你提供的代码的翻译:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct node {
    int num;
    struct node *next;
} Tnode;

Tnode *head;

typedef Tnode *Tlist;

void insert(int);

void printlist();

Tnode *makenode(int x);

Tlist MakeList();

void InsertAtEnd(Tlist list, int x);

void infoPrint(int info);

void PrintList(Tlist list);

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    int n, i, x;
    Tlist list = MakeList();
    printf("Creiamo una lista; quanti elementi vuoi inserire ? "); // 翻译:"创建一个列表;你想要插入多少个元素?"

    scanf("%d", &n);

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("\n Inserisci valore da inserire "); // 翻译:"插入要素"
        scanf("%d", &x);
        InsertAtEnd(list, x);
        PrintList(list);
    }
    return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

Tlist MakeList() {
    return NULL;
}

void insert(int x) {
    Tnode *temp = makenode(x);
    temp->next = head;
    head = temp;
}

Tnode *makenode(int x) {
    Tnode *new = malloc(sizeof(Tnode));
    if (new == NULL)
        return NULL;
    new->num = x;
    new->next = NULL;
    printf(".");
    return new;
}

void infoPrint(int info) {
    printf(" %d ", info);
}

void PrintList(Tlist list) {
    Tnode *node = list;
    while (node != NULL) {
        infoPrint(node->num);
        node = node->next;
    }
}

void InsertAtEnd(Tlist head, int x) {
    Tnode *newNode, *tmp;
    newNode = makenode(x);
    tmp = head;

    while (tmp->next != NULL) {
        tmp = tmp->next;
        tmp->next = newNode;
    }
}

在运行你的程序时,它在插入列表的第一个值后立即停止。要使其正常工作,你需要更正 InsertAtEnd 函数的错误。请将以下代码段:

while (tmp->next != NULL) {
    tmp = tmp->next;
    tmp->next = newNode;
}

替换为:

while (tmp->next != NULL) {
    tmp = tmp->next;
}
tmp->next = newNode;

这样,你的插入操作将会按预期工作,而不会导致程序停止。希望这可以帮助你解决问题!

英文:

First of all before y'all tell me I checked the other questions on this site and I followed the instructions. Still my program has bugs .

here's the code i've made but it doesn't start at all

#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
typedef struct node {
int num;
struct node *next;
}Tnode;
Tnode *head;
typedef Tnode *Tlist;
void insert(int);
void printlist();
Tnode *makenode(int x);
Tlist MakeList ();
void InsertAtEnd (Tlist list,int x);
void infoPrint (int info);
void PrintList(Tlist list);
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
int n,i,x;
Tlist list=MakeList();
printf(&quot;Creiamo una lista; quanti elementi vuoi inserire ? &quot;);//translation &quot;how many elements in the list ?&quot;
scanf(&quot;%d&quot;,&amp;n);
for(i=0;i&lt;n;i++){
printf(&quot;\n Inserisci valore da inserire &quot;);//translation &quot;insert the element&quot; 
scanf(&quot;%d&quot;,&amp;x);
InsertAtEnd(list,x);
PrintList(list);
}
return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
Tlist MakeList (){
return NULL;
}
void insert(int x){
Tnode *temp= makenode(x);
temp-&gt;next=head;
head=temp;
}
Tnode *makenode(int x){
Tnode *new=malloc(sizeof(Tnode));
if (new==NULL)
return NULL;
new-&gt;num=x;
new-&gt;next=NULL;
printf(&quot;.&quot;);
return new;
}
void infoPrint (int info) {
printf (&quot; %d &quot;, info);
}
void PrintList(Tlist list){
Tnode *node=list;
while(node!=NULL){
infoPrint(node-&gt;num);
node=node-&gt;next;
}
}
void InsertAtEnd (Tlist head,int x){
Tnode *newNode,*tmp;
newNode=makenode(x);
tmp=head;
while(tmp-&gt;next!=NULL){
tmp=tmp-&gt;next;
tmp-&gt;next=newNode;
}
}

When i build it there's 0 problems. When I run it it stops as soon as i insert the fisrt value of the list.
How do i make it work?

答案1

得分: 1

你的程序有一个名为MakeList的函数,它返回NULL。

这个NULL被赋给了list。

然后你将list发送到insertAtEnd函数。

在评估“while语句”时,它会导致核心转储(分段错误),程序退出。

这就是你的程序突然退出的原因。

进行以下修改:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct node {
    int num;
    struct node *next;
} Tnode;

Tnode *head;

typedef Tnode *Tlist;

void insert(int);

void printlist();

Tnode *makenode(int x);

Tlist MakeList();

Tlist InsertAtEnd(Tlist list, int x); // 修改了函数原型

void infoPrint(int info);

void PrintList(Tlist list);

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    int n, i, x;
    Tlist list = MakeList();
    printf("创建一个列表; 你想插入多少个元素?");//翻译:"创建一个列表; 你想插入多少个元素?"

    scanf("%d", &n);

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("\n 插入要插入的值 ");//翻译:"插入要插入的值"
        scanf("%d", &x);
        list = InsertAtEnd(list, x); // 修改了函数调用...
        PrintList(list);
    }
    return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

Tlist MakeList() {
    return NULL;
}

void insert(int x) {
    Tnode *temp = makenode(x);
    temp->next = head;
    head = temp;
}

Tnode *makenode(int x) {
    Tnode *new = malloc(sizeof(Tnode));
    if (new == NULL)
        return NULL;
    new->num = x;
    new->next = NULL;
    printf(".");
    return new;
}

void infoPrint(int info) {
    printf(" %d ", info);
}

void PrintList(Tlist list) {
    Tnode *node = list;
    while (node != NULL) {
        infoPrint(node->num);
        node = node->next;
    }
}

Tlist InsertAtEnd(Tlist head, int x) {
    Tnode *newNode, *tmp;
    newNode = makenode(x);
    tmp = head;

    if (tmp == NULL)
        head = newNode;
    else {
        while (tmp->next != NULL) {
            tmp = tmp->next;
        }
        tmp->next = newNode;
    }
    return head;
}
英文:

You program has MakeList function which is returning NULL.

This NULL is being assigned to list.

You are then sending the list to insertAtEnd function.

While evaluating the while statement, it dumps core (segmentation fault) and the program exits.

That's the reason your program is abruptly exiting.

Make the below mods --

#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
typedef struct node {
int num;
struct node *next;
}Tnode;
Tnode *head;
typedef Tnode *Tlist;
void insert(int);
void printlist();
Tnode *makenode(int x);
Tlist MakeList ();
Tlist InsertAtEnd (Tlist list,int x); // changed prototype
void infoPrint (int info);
void PrintList(Tlist list);
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
int n,i,x;
Tlist list=MakeList();
printf(&quot;Creiamo una lista; quanti elementi vuoi inserire ? &quot;);//translation &quot;how many elements in the list ?&quot;
scanf(&quot;%d&quot;,&amp;n);
for(i=0;i&lt;n;i++){
printf(&quot;\n Inserisci valore da inserire &quot;);//translation &quot;insert the element&quot;
scanf(&quot;%d&quot;,&amp;x);
list = InsertAtEnd(list,x); // changed call to function...
PrintList(list);
}
return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
Tlist MakeList (){
return NULL;
}
void insert(int x){
Tnode *temp= makenode(x);
temp-&gt;next=head;
head=temp;
}
Tnode *makenode(int x){
Tnode *new=malloc(sizeof(Tnode));
if (new==NULL)
return NULL;
new-&gt;num=x;
new-&gt;next=NULL;
printf(&quot;.&quot;);
return new;
}
void infoPrint (int info) {
printf (&quot; %d &quot;, info);
}
void PrintList(Tlist list){
Tnode *node=list;
while(node!=NULL){
infoPrint(node-&gt;num);
node=node-&gt;next;
}
}
Tlist InsertAtEnd (Tlist head,int x){
Tnode *newNode,*tmp;
newNode=makenode(x);
tmp=head;
if (tmp == NULL)
head = newNode;
else
{
while(tmp-&gt;next!=NULL){
tmp=tmp-&gt;next;
}
tmp-&gt;next = newNode;
}
return head;
}

答案2

得分: 0

函数InsertAtEnd有问题。

您没有处理第一个元素的情况。为此,函数定义需要修改。您可以将双指针传递给head到这个函数。

另外,tmp->next=newNode;的赋值应该放在for循环之后。

您应该避免创建指针类型TList,只需传递指向Tnode的指针会更清晰和更容易。

void InsertAtEnd(Tnode **head, int x) {
    Tnode *newNode, *tmp;
    newNode = makenode(x);
    tmp = *head;

    if (tmp == NULL) {
        *head = newNode;
    } else {
        while (tmp->next != NULL) {
            tmp = tmp->next;
        }
        tmp->next = newNode;
    }
}

// 在主函数中调用它
InsertAtEnd(&list, x);
英文:

The function InsertAtEnd is the problem.

You are not taking care of the case of the first element. For this the function definition needs to be modified. You can pass a double pointer to the head to this function.

Also, the assignment of tmp-&gt;next=newNode; should be after the for loop.

You should avoid creating a pointer type TList It is much cleaner and easier to just pass a pointer to the Tnode

void InsertAtEnd (Tnode ** head,int x){
Tnode *newNode,*tmp;
newNode=makenode(x);
tmp=*head;
if (tmp == NULL)
{
*head = newNode;
}
else
{
while(tmp-&gt;next!=NULL){
tmp=tmp-&gt;next;
}
tmp-&gt;next=newNode;
}
}
// in main call it with
InsertAtEnd(&amp;list,x);

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  • 本文由 发表于 2020年1月6日 19:04:21
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/59610948.html
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