Golang如何处理具有动态相关键的JSON数据?

huangapple go评论93阅读模式
英文:

Golang consume json with dynamic relevant keys

问题

我是GO的新手,我正在尝试使用GO从各种API中获取JSON数据,并将它们放入结构体中。其中一个结构体的数据格式如下:

{"MS": {
   "last":"25",
   "highestBid":"20"},
"GE": {        
    "last": "24",        
    "highestBid": "22"}
}

虽然我可以找到关于使用动态键进行消费的信息,但我找到的所有示例都将最外层的键视为任意和无关紧要的。我需要将其作为键值对使用,如下所示:

{"MarketName": "GE", "last":"24","highestBid":"22"}

我了解使用接口映射,但我无法弄清楚如何将动态键映射到结构体中的键值对。我在playground上找到了一个示例代码,其中省略了需要的键。代码如下:

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
)

var jsonBytes = []byte(`
    {"MS": {
       "last":"25",
	"highestBid":"20"},
    "GE": {        
        "last": "24",        
        "highestBid": "22"}
    }`)

type Market struct {
	Last       string 
	HighestBid string 
}

func main() {
	// Unmarshal using a generic interface
	var f interface{}
	err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBytes, &f)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Error parsing JSON: ", err)
	}
	fmt.Println(f)
}

目前它的输出是:

map[MS:map[last:25 highestBid:20] GE:map[highestBid:22 last:24]]

正如我所说,我是GO的新手,我非常感谢任何帮助和解释。

英文:

I am new to GO and I am trying to consume json data from a variety of API's using GO and place them in struct's one of them Formats the data like so

{"MS": {
   "last":"25",
"highestBid":"20"},
"GE": {        
    "last": "24",        
    "highestBid": "22"}
}

While I can find information on Consuming with dynamic keys, all the examples I found throw away the Outer most key as arbitrary and irrelevant. I need to use it as a key value pair like bellow:

{"MarketName": "GE", "last":"24","higestBid":"22"}

I understand Using Interface map but I cant figure out how to map the dynamic key to the struct as a key : value pair like above. My Code example to map leaving out the need key can be found at play ground Relevant Code

  package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	
)

var jsonBytes = []byte(`
    {"MS": {
       "last":"25",
	"highestBid":"20"},
    "GE": {        
        "last": "24",        
        "highestBid": "22"}
    }`)

type Market struct {
	Last       string 
	HighestBid string 
}

func main() {
	// Unmarshal using a generic interface
	var f interface{}
	err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBytes, &f)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Error parsing JSON: ", err)
	}
	fmt.Println(f)
	
	
	
}

as it stands it outputs

map[MS:map[last:25 highestBid:20] GE:map[highestBid:22 last:24]]

As I stated I am new to GO and as much help and explanation that i can get would be very appreciated

答案1

得分: 0

你已经完成了一半的工作,只需要将数据解组到你的结构体中,然后稍微处理一下数据:

type Market struct {
    Name       string
    Last       string
    HighestBid string
}

func main() {
    // 使用通用接口进行解组
    var f map[string]Market
    err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBytes, &f)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("解析JSON时出错:", err)
        return
    }
    markets := make([]Market, 0, len(f))
    for k, v := range f {
        v.Name = k
        markets = append(markets, v)
    }
    fmt.Println(markets)
}

这里有一个可工作的示例:https://play.golang.org/p/iagx8RWFfx_k

英文:

You're halfway there already, you just need to unmarshal into your struct and then massage the data a little:

type Market struct {
    Name string
    Last       string 
    HighestBid string 
}

func main() {
    // Unmarshal using a generic interface
    var f map[string]Market
    err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBytes, &f)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Error parsing JSON: ", err)
        return
    }
    markets := make([]Market, 0, len(f))
    for k,v := range f {
        v.Name = k
        markets = append(markets,v)
    }
    fmt.Println(markets)
}

Working example here: https://play.golang.org/p/iagx8RWFfx_k

答案2

得分: 0

如果Markets的一个切片是对你有用的数据结构,你可能希望给它取一个别名,并实现MarketList.UnmarshalJSON([]byte)方法,代码如下:

type Market struct {
    MarketName  string
    Last        string
    HighestBid  string
}

type MarketList []Market

func (ml *MarketList) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
    tmp := map[string]Market{}
    err := json.Unmarshal(b, &tmp)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }

    var l MarketList
    for k, v := range tmp {
        v.MarketName = k
        l = append(l, v)
    }

    *ml = l
    return nil
}

func main() {
    ml := MarketList{}
    // 直接解组为 []Market 别名
    _ = json.Unmarshal(jsonBytes, &ml)

    fmt.Printf("%+v\n", ml)
}

可运行版本在这里

英文:

If a slice of Markets is a data structure that's going to be useful to you, you might wish to alias it and implement MarketList.UnmarshalJSON([]byte), like so:

type Market struct {
	MarketName string
	Last       string
	HighestBid string
}

type MarketList []Market

func (ml *MarketList) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
	tmp := map[string]Market{}
	err := json.Unmarshal(b, &tmp)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var l MarketList
	for k, v := range tmp {
		v.MarketName = k
		l = append(l, v)
	}

	*ml = l
	return nil
}

func main() {
	ml := MarketList{}
	// Unmarshal directly into a []Market alias
	_ = json.Unmarshal(jsonBytes, &ml)

	fmt.Printf("%+v\n", ml)
}

Runnable version here.

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2018年1月24日 06:10:37
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/48411657.html
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