英文:
Detect GOPATH from project Makefile
问题
如果未设置GOPATH，则无法编译go程序。但是，许多go项目使用Makefile构建，因为go也缺少提取git版本、设置版本等功能。因此，应该可以自动从Makefile中检测到GOPATH。
假设我手动设置了一次go get -d的GOPATH：
go get -d github.com/zyedidia/micro/cmd/micro
现在，如果我打开另一个会话，cd到github.com/zyedidia/micro/cmd/micro并执行make build，构建将失败：
...
cmd/micro/micro.go:20:2: cannot find package "layeh.com/gopher-luar" in any of:
/usr/lib/go-1.7/src/layeh.com/gopher-luar (from $GOROOT)
($GOPATH not set)
Makefile:15: recipe for target 'build' failed
make: *** [build] Error 1
那么，如果未设置GOPATH，我如何从Makefile中设置它，并确保此时存在go环境？
以下代码不起作用：
GOPATH ?= ../../../..
更新：以下代码可以工作，但它无法检测父目录是否包含src、bin和pkg目录。
export GOPATH ?= $(abspath $(dir ../../../../..))
需要使用export将make变量转换为环境变量，?=仅在未设置时设置make变量，abspath和dir的说明在这里：
英文:
If GOPATH is not set, compilation for go programs is impossible. But many go projects are built using Makefiles, because go also miss capabilities to extract git revision, set version etc. So it should be possible to detect GOPATH from Makefile automatically.
Suppose I set my GOPATH manually one time for go get -d:
go get -d github.com/zyedidia/micro/cmd/micro
Now if I open another session, cd into github.com/zyedidia/micro/cmd/micro and do make build, the build fails:
...
cmd/micro/micro.go:20:2: cannot find package "layeh.com/gopher-luar" in any of:
/usr/lib/go-1.7/src/layeh.com/gopher-luar (from $GOROOT)
($GOPATH not set)
Makefile:15: recipe for target 'build' failed
make: *** [build] Error 1
So, if GOPATH is not set, how can I set it from the Makefile and make sure that there is go environment at this point?
This doesn't work:
GOPATH ?= ../../../..
UPDATE: The following code works, but it doesn't detect that parent directory contains src, bin and pkg dirs.
export GOPATH ?= $(abspath $(dir ../../../../..))
export is needed to transform make variable into environment variable, ?= sets make variable only of it is not set, abspath and dir are described here:
答案1
得分: 10
我遇到了同样的问题，这是我的解决方案：
ifndef $(GOPATH)
GOPATH=$(shell go env GOPATH)
export GOPATH
endif
英文:
I met the same problem, here is my solution:
ifndef $(GOPATH)
GOPATH=$(shell go env GOPATH)
export GOPATH
endif
答案2
得分: 0
这是解决方案。
# 如果未设置GOPATH，则检测GOPATH
ifndef $(GOPATH)
$(info GOPATH未设置，正在自动检测..)
TESTPATH := $(dir $(abspath ../../..))
DIRS := bin pkg src
# 创建一个以分号分隔的测试行，并将其传递给shell
MISSING_DIRS := $(shell $(foreach entry,$(DIRS),test -d "$(TESTPATH)$(entry)" || echo "$(entry)";))
ifeq ($(MISSING_DIRS),)
$(info 找到GOPATH: $(TESTPATH))
export GOPATH := $(TESTPATH)
else
$(info ..在"$(TESTDIR)"中缺少目录"$(MISSING_DIRS)")
$(info GOPATH自动检测失败)
endif
endif
我学到了：
- 变量在单独的块中定义
- 在定义变量的块中不允许使用制表符
echo在这个块中不起作用，需要使用$(info)
英文:
Here is the solution.
# detect GOPATH if not set
ifndef $(GOPATH)
$(info GOPATH is not set, autodetecting..)
TESTPATH := $(dir $(abspath ../../..))
DIRS := bin pkg src
# create a ; separated line of tests and pass it to shell
MISSING_DIRS := $(shell $(foreach entry,$(DIRS),test -d "$(TESTPATH)$(entry)" || echo "$(entry)";))
ifeq ($(MISSING_DIRS),)
$(info Found GOPATH: $(TESTPATH))
export GOPATH := $(TESTPATH)
else
$(info ..missing dirs "$(MISSING_DIRS)" in "$(TESTDIR)")
$(info GOPATH autodetection failed)
endif
endif
What I've learned:
- variables are defines in a separate block
- tabs are not allowed in the block that defines variables
echodoesn't work in this block, need to use$(info)
通过集体智慧和协作来改善编程学习和解决问题的方式。致力于成为全球开发者共同参与的知识库，让每个人都能够通过互相帮助和分享经验来进步。
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