PostgreSQL插入多个表和多行数据

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英文:

PostgreSQL inserting multiple tables and rows

问题

我有两个结构体,一个是Company,另一个是Service。它们之间有一个"一对多"的关系,即一个公司可以有多个服务。我想编写一个SQL查询,可以在一次查询中插入一个公司和多个附属于该公司的服务。

原始的SQL查询如下:

WITH company AS (INSERT INTO companies(id, name) VALUES('1', 'acme') RETURNING id)
INSERT INTO services(id, company_id, name) VALUES
('1', (SELECT company.id FROM company), 'cool service'),
('2', (SELECT company.id FROM company), 'cooler service');

我正在尝试使用Go的sql包来模拟这个查询。以下是我目前的尝试,我在顶部添加了结构体以增加清晰度:

c := &Company{
    ID:   uuid.NewV4().String(),
    Name: "test comp",
}

s := []*Service{
    &Service{
        ID:        uuid.NewV4().String(),
        CompanyID: c.ID,
        Name:      "test svc",
    },
}

c.Services = s

values := []interface{}{
    c.ID,
    c.Name,
}

q := `
    WITH company AS (INSERT INTO companies(id, name) VALUES ($1, $2) RETURNING id)
    INSERT INTO services(id, company_id, name) VALUES
`

for _, row := range c.Services {
    q += "($1, (SELECT company.id FROM company), $2),"
    values = append(values, row.ID, row.Name)
}

q = strings.TrimSuffix(q, ",")

stmt, err := s.DB.Prepare(q)
if err != nil {
    return err
}

if _, err := stmt.Exec(values...); err != nil {
    return err
}

但是,我不确定还有其他方法可以实现这个目标。使用这种方法,我得到以下错误:

ERROR #08P01 bind message supplies 5 parameters, but prepared statement "1" requires 3

这是有道理的,因为我在执行exec时传递了5个参数,而预处理语句"1"只需要3个参数。但是,有没有办法在不将查询拆分为多个查询的情况下执行我的查询呢?

英文:

I have 2 structs one Company the other Service. They have a has-many relationship company to service. I'm trying to write an SQL query that will insert a company and multiple services attached to that company in one query.

RAW SQL:

WITH company AS ( INSERT INTO companies(id, name) VALUES('1', 'acme') RETURNING id)
INSERT INTO services(id, company_id, name) VALUES
('1', (select company.id from company), 'cool service'),
('2', (select company.id from company), 'cooler service');

I'm trying to imitate this using go's sql package. This is my attempt thus far: I've added the structs at the top just for clarity

c := &Company{
    ID: uuid.NewV4().String(),
    Name: "test comp",
}

s := []*Service{
    &Service{
        ID: uuid.NewV4().String(),
        CompanyID: c.ID,
        Name: "test svc",
    },
}

c.Service = s

values := []interface{}{
	c.ID,
	c.Name,
}

q := `
	WITH company as (INSERT INTO companies(id, name) VALUES ($1, $2)) INSERT INTO services(id, company_id, name) VALUES
`

for _, row := range c.Services {
	q += "($1, $2, $3),"
	values = append(values, row.ID, row.CompanyID)
}

q = strings.TrimSuffix(q, ",")

stmt, err := s.DB.Prepare(q)
if err != nil {
	return err
}

if _, err := stmt.Exec(values...); err != nil {
	return err
}

I'm not sure how else to go about this but with this method I get this error:

ERROR #08P01 bind message supplies 5 parameters, but prepared statement "1" requires 3

Which makes sense I'm passing 5 parameters to exec when prepared statement "1" which I'm guessing is the second one only requires 3. But how can I perform my query without having to split it up into more than 1 query?

答案1

得分: 0

正如你的错误消息所说,你的SQL语句只使用了3个绑定变量:

   WITH company as (INSERT INTO companies(id, name) VALUES ($1, $2)) INSERT INTO services(id, company_id, name) VALUES

和:

    q += "($1, $2, $3),"

你只是在每一行中重复使用$1$2$3。所以你构建的查询将会是这样的:

WITH company as (INSERT INTO companies(id, name) VALUES ($1, $2)) INSERT INTO services(id, company_id, name) VALUES
($1, $2, $3),($1, $2, $3),($1, $2, $3),($1, $2, $3),

显然这不是你想要的结果。你需要在每次循环迭代中递增你的绑定变量编号。

我的方法可能是这样的:

var i int = 3
for _, row := range c.Services {
    q += fmt.Sprintf("($%d, $%d, $%d),", i, i+1, i+2)
    values = append(values, row.ID, row.CompanyID)
    i += 3
}
英文:

Just as your error message says, your SQL statement only uses 3 bind variables:

   WITH company as (INSERT INTO companies(id, name) VALUES ($1, $2)) INSERT INTO services(id, company_id, name) VALUES

and:

    q += "($1, $2, $3),"

You're simply repeating $1, $2, and $3 for each of your rows. So your constructed query will look something like:

WITH company as (INSERT INTO companies(id, name) VALUES ($1, $2)) INSERT INTO services(id, company_id, name) VALUES
($1, $2, $3),($1, $2, $3),($1, $2, $3),($1, $2, $3),

Clearly that's not what you want. You need to increment your bind variable numbering with each iteration through the loop.

My approach would probably be something like:

var i int = 3
for _, row := range c.Services {
    q += fmt.Sprintf("($%d, $%d, $%d),", i, i+1, i+2)
    values = append(values, row.ID, row.CompanyID)
    i += 3
}

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  • 本文由 发表于 2017年2月26日 05:42:51
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/42461941.html
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