Default struct values

In Go I get that there are default values for types. Take int in this case which is initialised as a 0.

I have an issue where for me a 0 in an int can be a valid value so I need to check if it's been set by me or initialised as such. Is there any way to tell the difference between them at all?

Considering the following code... I need to be able to tell the difference between testIntOne and testIntTwo but they look the same!

package main

import "log"

type test struct {
	testIntOne int
	testIntTwo int
}

func main() {
	s := test{testIntOne: 0}

	log.Println(s)
}

You can't tell the difference, it is not tracked whether a field (or a variable) has been set or not.

Using a pointer

You may use a pointer which has a nil zero value, so if not set, you can tell:

type test struct {
	testIntOne *int
	testIntTwo *int
}

func main() {
	s := test{testIntOne: new(int)}

	fmt.Println("testIntOne set:", s.testIntOne != nil)
	fmt.Println("testIntTwo set:", s.testIntTwo != nil)
}

Output (try it on the Go Playground):

testIntOne set: true
testIntTwo set: false

Of course new() can only be used to obtain a pointer to an int value being 0. See this question for more options: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30716354/how-do-i-do-a-literal-int64-in-go/30716481#30716481

Using a method

You may also use a method to set a field, which could take care of additionally tracking the "isSet" property. In this case you must always use the provided method to set the field. Best is to make fields unexported, so others (outside your package) won't have direct access to them.

type test struct {
	testIntOne int
	testIntTwo int

	oneSet, twoSet bool
}

func (t *test) SetOne(i int) {
	t.testIntOne, t.oneSet = i, true
}

func (t *test) SetTwo(i int) {
	t.testIntTwo, t.twoSet = i, true
}

func main() {
	s := test{}
	s.SetOne(0)

	fmt.Println("testIntOne set:", s.oneSet)
	fmt.Println("testIntTwo set:", s.twoSet)
}

Output (try it on the Go Playground):

testIntOne set: true
testIntTwo set: false