英文:
Initialize structs from list of strings
问题
我正在尝试从字符串列表初始化结构体，但编译器报错如下。我还在学习这门语言，所以请原谅我的无知，这个问题可以通过使用类型断言来解决吗？
错误：v.UberX 未定义（类型 string 没有 UberX 方法）
type Galaxy struct {
UberX int64
UberY int64
}
func main() {
galaxies := []string{"andromeda", "milkyway", "maffei"}
for _, v := range galaxies {
v := &Galaxy{}
}
for _, v := range galaxies {
v.UberX += 1000
v.UberY += 750
}
}
英文:
I'm trying to initialize structs from a list of strings, but the compiler is throwing the following error. I'm still learning the language so excuse my ignorance, but is this solved by utilizing type assertion?
> ERROR: v.UberX undefined (type string has no field method UberX)
type Galaxy struct {
UberX int64
UberY int64
}
func main() {
galaxies := []string{"andromeda", "milkyway", "maffei"}
for _, v := range galaxies {
v := &Galaxy{}
}
for _, v := range galaxies {
v.UberX += 1000
v.UberY += 750
}
}
答案1
得分: 2
你的Galaxy结构体甚至没有存储名称，在你的尝试中，名称和结构体值之间没有任何连接。将名称添加到结构体中：
type Galaxy struct {
Name string
UberX int64
UberY int64
}
接下来，在你的第一个循环中，你创建了一个*Galaxy值，但你只将它存储在一个局部变量v中，这个变量遮蔽了循环变量v：
for _, v := range galaxies {
v := &Galaxy{}
}
你需要一个Galaxy切片或*Galaxy切片来填充：
gs := make([]*Galaxy, len(galaxies))
然后，只需要一个循环来遍历星系名称并填充gs切片：
for i, v := range galaxies {
gs[i] = &Galaxy{
Name: v,
UberX: 1000,
UberY: 750,
}
}
验证结果：
for _, v := range gs {
fmt.Printf("%+v\n", v)
}
输出结果（在Go Playground上尝试）：
&{Name:andromeda UberX:1000 UberY:750}
&{Name:milkyway UberX:1000 UberY:750}
&{Name:maffei UberX:1000 UberY:750}
建议先学习Golang Tour来了解基础知识。
英文:
Your Galaxy struct doesn't even store the name, in your attempt there isn't any connection between the names and the struct values. Add the name to the struct:
type Galaxy struct {
Name string
UberX int64
UberY int64
}
Next, in your first loop you create a *Galaxy value, but you only store it in a local variable v which by the way shadows the loop variable v:
for _, v := range galaxies {
v := &Galaxy{}
}
You need a slice of Galaxy or a slice of *Galaxy which you can populate:
gs := make([]*Galaxy, len(galaxies))
Then 1 loop is enough to loop over the galaxy names and populate the gs slice:
for i, v := range galaxies {
gs[i] = &Galaxy{
Name: v,
UberX: 1000,
UberY: 750,
}
}
Verifying the result:
for _, v := range gs {
fmt.Printf("%+v\n", v)
}
Output (try it on the Go Playground):
&{Name:andromeda UberX:1000 UberY:750}
&{Name:milkyway UberX:1000 UberY:750}
&{Name:maffei UberX:1000 UberY:750}
Recommended to go through the Golang Tour first to learn the basics.
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