英文:
How do you match character OR end of string in a golang regexp?
问题
我在使用golang中的正则表达式时遇到了困难,我想要匹配一个字符、分隔符或者字符串的结尾。下面的代码几乎可以实现我的需求:
url := "test20160101"
if i, _ := regexp.MatchString("[-a-zA-Z/]20[012]\\d[01]\\d[0123]\\d[-a-zA-Z/]", url); i == true {
t := regexp.MustCompile("[-a-zA-Z/](20[012]\\d[01]\\d[0123]\\d)[-a-zA-Z/]").FindStringSubmatch(url)[1]
fmt.Println("match: ", t)
}
但是我还想匹配以下内容:
url := "test-20160101-"
url := "/20160101/page.html"
我注意到在golang文档中有一个\z
,但是它似乎不起作用,至少当我将它放在[-a-zA-Z/]
中时,即[-a-zA-Z\\z/]
。
英文:
I am having trouble working out (in golang), within a regular expression, how to match a character, separator, or end of string. The following does almost what I want:
url := "test20160101"
if i, _ := regexp.MatchString("[-a-zA-Z/]20[012]\\d[01]\\d[0123]\\d[-a-zA-Z/]", url); i == true {
t := regexp.MustCompile("[-a-zA-Z/](20[012]\\d[01]\\d[0123]\\d)[-a-zA-Z/]").FindStringSubmatch(url)[1]
fmt.Println("match: ", t)
}
https://play.golang.org/p/eWZ_DiOVBl
But I want to also match the following:
url := "test-20160101-"
url := "/20160101/page.html"
I notice there is a \z in the golang documentation however that doesn't work, at least when I put it inside [-a-zA-Z/]
i.e. [-a-zA-Z\\z/]
答案1
得分: 2
在模式的末尾加上一个?
。这意味着前面的项目是可选的。
如果你想将模式锚定在字符串的末尾进行匹配,可以在最后(在?
之后)加上$
(或\z
)。
此外,你应该使用反引号而不是双引号来表示你的正则表达式。这样你就不需要转义反斜杠。
正如@Zan Lynx提到的,只需编译一次正则表达式。
英文:
Put a ?
at the end of the pattern. That means the preceding item is optional.
If you want to anchor the pattern to match at the end of the string, put a $
(or \z
) at the very end (after the ?
).
Also, you should use backquotes instead of double quotes around your RE. That way you don't have to escape the backslashes.
And as @Zan Lynx mentioned, only compile the RE once.
答案2
得分: 2
我对此感兴趣并进行了一些有趣的尝试。可能是这样的:https://play.golang.org/p/GRVnHTwW0g
package main
import (
"fmt"
"regexp"
)
func main() {
// 想要匹配 "test-20160101", "/20160101/" 和 "test-20160101"
re := regexp.MustCompile(`[-a-zA-Z/](20[012]\d[01]\d[0123]\d)([-a-zA-Z/]|\z)`)
urls := []string{
"test-20160101",
"/20160101/page.html",
"test20160101",
"nomatch",
"test19990101",
}
for _, url := range urls {
t := re.FindStringSubmatch(url)
if len(t) > 2 {
fmt.Println("匹配", url, "=", t[1])
}
}
}
英文:
I was interested and played around with it just for fun. Maybe something like this: https://play.golang.org/p/GRVnHTwW0g
package main
import (
"fmt"
"regexp"
)
func main() {
// Want to match "test-20160101", "/20160101/" and "test-20160101"
re := regexp.MustCompile(`[-a-zA-Z/](20[012]\d[01]\d[0123]\d)([-a-zA-Z/]|\z)`)
urls := []string{
"test-20160101",
"/20160101/page.html",
"test20160101",
"nomatch",
"test19990101",
}
for _, url := range urls {
t := re.FindStringSubmatch(url)
if len(t) > 2 {
fmt.Println("match", url, "=", t[1])
}
}
}
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