Returning File Pointer in Golang

I'm still struggling with the basics of Golang.

Consider the following sample code:

func OpenOutputFile(name string) (fp *os.File) {
  fp, err := os.Create(name)
  if err != nil {
      panic(err)
  }

  defer func() {
      if err := fp.Close(); err != nil {
          panic(err)
      }
  }()

  return fp
}

I would assume that calling:

fp := OpenOutputFile("output.txt")

would now make fp a file pointer (*os.File), so that I could call a statement like:

io.WriteString(fp, "Hello World")

In another function. But when calling this method, the error is generated:

0 write output.txt: bad file descriptor

So it appears that the pointer returned is not valid. How can I return a properly formed pointer to use with io.WriteString?

I appreciate the help!

Of note: Everything executes as intended when the creation of the file pointer and the writing to the file pointer exists in the same method. Breaking the logic into a function causes it to not behave as intended.

> The Go Programming Language Specification
>
> Defer statements
>
> A "defer" statement invokes a function whose execution is deferred to
> the moment the surrounding function returns, either because the
> surrounding function executed a return statement, reached the end of
> its function body, or because the corresponding goroutine is
> panicking.
>
> Each time a "defer" statement executes, the function value and
> parameters to the call are evaluated as usual and saved anew but the
> actual function is not invoked. Instead, deferred functions are
> invoked immediately before the surrounding function returns, in the
> reverse order they were deferred. If a deferred function value
> evaluates to nil, execution panics when the function is invoked, not
> when the "defer" statement is executed.
>
> For instance, if the deferred function is a function literal and the
> surrounding function has named result parameters that are in scope
> within the literal, the deferred function may access and modify the
> result parameters before they are returned. If the deferred function
> has any return values, they are discarded when the function completes.

func OpenOutputFile(name string) (fp *os.File) {
  fp, err := os.Create(name)
  if err != nil {
      panic(err)
  }

  defer func() {
      if err := fp.Close(); err != nil {
          panic(err)
      }
  }()

  return fp
}

You open the file

fp, err := os.Create(name)

You close the file

err := fp.Close()

After the Close, fp no longer points to a valid file descriptor.

Returning the close function and deferring it in higher scope worked for me. I don't know if this is a good practice in Go though. It relies on closing/deferring outside of original function:

func OpenFileFromArgs() (*os.File, func()) {
	if len(os.Args) < 2 {
		panic("input file not provided")
	}

	inputFilePath := os.Args[1]
	stat, err := os.Stat(inputFilePath)
	if err != nil {
		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
			panic(fmt.Sprintf("file %s doens't exist", inputFilePath))
		} else {
			panic(fmt.Sprintf("error: %v", err))
		}
	}
	if stat.IsDir() {
		panic("provided path is a directory")
	}

	inputFile, err := os.Open(inputFilePath)
	closeFn := func() {
		err := inputFile.Close()
		if err != nil {
			panic("failed to close input file")
		}
	}

	return inputFile, closeFn

and then in the higher scope:

    inputFile, closeFn := library.OpenFileFromArgs()
	defer closeFn()

Confirmed using step by step debugger - at program end, the deferred close function is correctly called and file descriptor closed.