给一个字符串类型的变量赋值,使用Go语言。

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英文:

assign a string type golang

问题

我在将一个字符串分配给字符串类型时遇到了困难。所以我有这个类型:

type Username string

然后我有一个返回字符串的函数。

我试图做的是将username设置为返回的字符串:

u := &Username{returnedString}

我还尝试过

var u Username
u = returnedString

但我总是得到一个错误。

英文:

I'm having a hard time assigned a string to a type string. So I have this type:

type Username string

I then have a function that returns a string

What I'm trying to do is set username to that returned string:

u := &Username{returnedString}

I also tried

var u Username
u = returnedString

But I always get an error.

答案1

得分: 18

正如其他人指出的那样,你需要进行显式类型转换:

someString := funcThatReturnsString()
u := Username(someString)

我建议阅读这篇文章,了解隐式类型转换。特别是,Honnef在文章中引用了Go的可赋值性规范

在以下任何情况下,值x都可以赋值给类型为T的变量("x is assignable to T"):

  • x的类型V和T具有相同的底层类型,并且V或T中至少有一个不是命名类型。

所以在你的例子中,returnedString已经是一个"命名类型":它的类型是string。如果你改为像下面这样做:

var u Username
u = "some string"

那么就没问题了,因为"some string"会被隐式转换为Username类型,而stringUsername都具有底层类型string

英文:

As others have pointed out, you'll need to do an explicit type conversion:

someString := funcThatReturnsString()
u := Username(someString)

I'd recommend reading this article on implicit type conversion. Specifically, Honnef references Go's specifications on assignability:

> A value x is assignable to a variable of type T ("x is assignable to T") in any of these cases:
>
> * x's type V and T have identical underlying types and at least one of V or T is not a named type.

So in your example, the returnedString is already a "named type": it has type string. If you had instead done something like

var u Username
u = "some string"

you would have been ok, as the "some string" would be implicitly converted into type Username and both string and Username have the underlying type of string.

答案2

得分: 12

你创建了一个名为"Username"的用户定义类型。在这种情况下,你不能将一个类型的值(在这里是字符串)直接赋给另一个类型(Username)的变量,除非进行转换。顺便说一下,你可以将字符串字面值赋给它。

var u Username
u = "test"

这样是可以的。

var u Username
var s string

s = "test"
u = s

这样会报错:

无法将类型为string的s分配给类型为Username的变量

你可以转换一个类型到另一个类型,所以...:

var u Username
var s string
s = "test"
u = Username(s)

...也是可以的。"u" 的类型将是Username,值为"test"。

值得注意的是,这些示例并不是惯用的示例。我只是试图清楚地说明这里的类型转换情况。

英文:

You've made a user-defined type "Username". You cannot assign a value of one type to another type (in this case a string to Username) without converting. Incidentally you can assign a string literal to it.

var u Username
u = "test"

Will work.

var u Username
	var s string

	s = "test"
	u = s

Will give you the error:
>cannot use s (type string) as type Username in assignment

You can convert from one type to another, so...:

var u Username
	var s string
	s = "test"
	u = Username(s)

...will also work. "u" will be of type Username with the value "test".

For the record these are not meant as idiomatic examples. I am simply trying to clearly illustrate what's going on with the types here.

答案3

得分: 1

在Go语言中,类型转换的解释可以在《Go之旅》教程中找到。请点击这里

你可以在这个示例中看到如何使用你的类型。

英文:

Type casting in go is explained in the tutorial "A Tour of Go"

See here for an example using your types.

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  • 本文由 发表于 2016年2月6日 02:16:36
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/35230857.html
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