英文:
How to execute a shell built-in command
问题
我正在尝试找出Linux上是否存在一个程序，并找到了这篇文章。我尝试从我的Go程序中执行这个命令，但是它一直给我一个错误，说它在我的$PATH中找不到"command"，这是可以预料的，因为它是Linux的内置命令，而不是一个可执行文件。所以我的问题是如何在Go程序中执行Linux的内置命令？
exec.Command("command", "-v", "foo")
错误信息：exec: "command": 在$PATH中找不到可执行文件。
英文:
I am trying to find out if a program exists on Linux and I found this article. I tried executing this from my go program and it keeps giving me an error saying it can-not find "command" in my $PATH, which is to be expected since it's a built-in command in linux and not a binary. So my question is how to execute built in commands of linux from within go programs?
exec.Command("command", "-v", "foo")
error: exec: "command": executable file not found in $PATH
答案1
得分: 13
就像那篇文章所说的那样，“command”是一个内置的shell命令。你可以通过exec.LookPath在Go语言中原生地实现这个功能。
如果必要的话，你可以使用系统的which二进制文件，或者在shell中执行command命令，
exec.Command("/bin/bash", "-c", "command -v foo")
英文:
Just like that article says, "command" is a shell built-in. You can do this natively in go via exec.LookPath.
If you must, you can either use the system which binary, or you can execute command from within a shell,
exec.Command("/bin/bash", "-c", "command -v foo")
答案2
得分: 1
另外，如果是一个不需要参数的内置命令，你可以像下面这样做：
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"os/exec"
)
func main() {
out, err := exec.Command("uuidgen").Output()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", out)
}
这将打印出一个类似于从命令行直接调用的唯一ID，例如：4cdb277e-3c25-48ef-a367-ba734ce407c1。
英文:
Alternatively, if it is a built in command that doesn't need parameters you could do something like the following:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"os/exec"
)
func main() {
out, err := exec.Command("uuidgen").Output()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", out)
}
This would print out a unique ID like the following : 4cdb277e-3c25-48ef-a367-ba734ce407c1 just like calling it directly from the command line.
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