英文:
Walking through go struct fields with reflect doesn't match case map[string]interface{}
问题
我有一个不寻常的任务:
- 将 JSON 消息解析为 Go 结构体。
 - 验证 JSON 中的所有字段是否在特定限制范围内:
- 字符串字段长度不再是固定常量。
 - 映射中的元素数量不超过固定数目。
 - 如果映射键的值是嵌套结构体,则验证以上两个规则。
 
 
为了做到这一点,我使用反射(reflect),然后迭代元素,并进行类型检查:
- 如果是 int 或 float,无需进行验证。
 - 如果是字符串,验证长度(如果失败则返回)。
 - 如果是映射,验证映射长度(如果失败则返回),然后迭代映射值并递归检查它们的字段是否违反了字符串/映射规则。
 - 默认情况下(我假设这是嵌套的结构化 JSON 结构),将其转换为接口切片并进行递归调用。
 
问题是:
在 JSON 中,我可能会有不同的映射值类型,例如:
- map[string]MyStruct1
 - map[string]MyStruct2
 - 等等。
 
所以当我进行类型检查时,我写了:
case map[string]interface{}
但在我的程序中,这个 case 从未匹配到,而是进入了默认的 case,导致一些错误。
有可能匹配到 case - map[string]interface{} 的方法吗?
以下是我参考的代码:
http://play.golang.org/p/IVXHLBRuPK
func validate(vals []interface{}) bool {
	result := true
	for _, elem := range vals {
		switch v := elem.(type) {
		case int, float64:
			fmt.Println("Got int or float:", v)
		case string:
			fmt.Println("Got string", v)
			if len(elem.(string)) > 5 {
				fmt.Println("String rule Violation!")
				result = false
				break
				fmt.Println("After Break")
			}
		case map[string]interface{}:
			fmt.Println("Got map", v)
			if len(elem.(map[string]interface{})) > 1 || !validate(elem.([]interface{})) {
				fmt.Println("Map length rule Violation!")
				result = false
				break
			}
		default:
			fmt.Println("Got struct:", v)
			// Convert to interface list all other structures no string/int/float/map:
			new_v := reflect.ValueOf(elem)
			new_values := make([]interface{}, new_v.NumField())
			for j := 0; j < new_v.NumField(); j++ {
				new_values[j] = new_v.Field(j).Interface()
			}
			// Recursively call for validate nested structs
			if !validate(new_values) {
				result = false
				break
			}
		}
	}
	fmt.Println("After Break 2")
	return result
}
func main() {
	// Test struct:
	x := C{1, B{"abc", A{10, 0.1, map[string]Host{"1,2,3,4": Host{"1.2.3.4"}}}}}
	// Conversion:
	v := reflect.ValueOf(x)
	values := make([]interface{}, v.NumField())
	for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ {
		values[i] = v.Field(i).Interface()
	}
	// Validate function verification
	fmt.Println(validate(values))
}
在这个例子中,我永远无法匹配到 case: map[string]interface{}。
非常感谢您提供的有用建议!
英文:
I have unusual task:
- parse json message to Go struct
 - verify that all fields in JSON are within specific limits:
 
- string fields length no longer fixed constant
 - maps contain no more than fixed number elements
 - if values of map keys are nested structs verify for above 2 rules
 
To do this I use reflect, then iterating over elements,
and doing type checking:
- if int or float - nothing to do - no verification
 - if string - verify length (and return if failed)
 - if map verify map length (and return if failed), then iterate over map values and recursively check if their fields violate string/map rules
 - default (I assume that this is struct nested JSON structure): convert it to interface slice and do recursive call.
 
Problem:
In JSON, I would have different map value types like:
- map[string]MyStruct1
 - map[string]MyStruct2
 - etc.
 
So when I'm doing type checking I write:
case map[string]interface{}
But in my program this case is never matched and goes to case default,
causing some error.
Any possible way to match type with case - map[string]interface{} ????
Here is my code for reference:
http://play.golang.org/p/IVXHLBRuPK
func validate(vals []interface{}) bool {
result := true
for _, elem := range vals {
switch v := elem.(type) {
case int, float64:
fmt.Println("Got int or float: ", v)
case string:
fmt.Println("Got string", v)
if len(elem.(string)) > 5 {
fmt.Println("String rule Violation!")
result = false
break
fmt.Println("After Break")
}
case map[string]interface{}:
fmt.Println("Got map", v)
if len(elem.(map[string]interface{})) > 1 || !validate(elem.([]interface{})) {
fmt.Println("Map length rule Violation!")
result = false
break
}
default:
fmt.Println("Got struct:", v)
// Convert to interface list all other structures no string/int/float/map:
new_v := reflect.ValueOf(elem)
new_values := make([]interface{}, new_v.NumField())
for j := 0; j < new_v.NumField(); j++ {
new_values[j] = new_v.Field(j).Interface()
}
// Recursively call for validate nested structs
if !validate(new_values) {
result = false
break
}
}
}
fmt.Println("After Break 2")
return result
}
func main() {
// Test truct:
x := C{1, B{"abc", A{10, 0.1, map[string]Host{"1,2,3,4": Host{"1.2.3.4"}}}}}
// Conversion:
v := reflect.ValueOf(x)
values := make([]interface{}, v.NumField())
for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ {
values[i] = v.Field(i).Interface()
}
// Validate function verification
fmt.Println(validate(values))
}
In this example I can't ever reach case: map[string]interface{}
Big kudos on helpful suggestions!
答案1
得分: 2
问题是 case map[string]interface{} 无法匹配 map[string]Host,因此它将被解析为结构体,而实际上它不是。
你可以通过检查 new_v.Kind() 并使用反射处理映射,或者为 map[string]Host 添加一个特殊情况来解决这个问题。
英文:
The problem is case map[string]interface{} won't match map[string]Host so it will get parsed as a struct, which it isn't.
You will either have to check new_v.Kind() and handle maps via reflection or add a special case for map[string]Host.
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