英文:
Get the first directory of a path in GO
问题
在Go语言中，可以通过以下方式获取路径的根目录，使得foo/bar/file.txt返回foo。我知道path/filepath包可以实现，但是下面的代码却打印出了foo/bar/file.txt和1，而我本来期望的是foo和3。
package main
import (
"fmt"
"path/filepath"
)
func main() {
parts := filepath.SplitList("foo/bar/file.txt")
fmt.Println(parts[0])
fmt.Println(len(parts))
}
英文:
In Go, is it possible to get the root directory of a path so that
returns foo? I know about path/filepath, but
package main
import (
"fmt"
"path/filepath"
)
func main() {
parts := filepath.SplitList("foo/bar/file.txt")
fmt.Println(parts[0])
fmt.Println(len(parts))
}
prints foo/bar/file.txt and 1 whereas I would have expected foo and 3.
答案1
得分: 18
简单地使用strings.Split()函数：
s := "foo/bar/file.txt"
parts := strings.Split(s, "/")
fmt.Println(parts[0], len(parts))
fmt.Println(parts)
输出结果（在Go Playground上尝试）：
foo 3
[foo bar file.txt]
注意：
如果你想按照当前操作系统的路径分隔符进行分割，可以使用os.PathSeparator作为分隔符：
parts := strings.Split(s, string(os.PathSeparator))
filepath.SplitList()函数将多个连接的路径分割为单独的路径。它不会将一个路径分割为文件夹和文件。例如：
fmt.Println("On Unix:", filepath.SplitList("/a/b/c:/usr/bin"))
输出结果：
On Unix: [/a/b/c /usr/bin]
英文:
Simply use strings.Split():
s := "foo/bar/file.txt"
parts := strings.Split(s, "/")
fmt.Println(parts[0], len(parts))
fmt.Println(parts)
Output (try it on the Go Playground):
foo 3
[foo bar file.txt]
Note:
If you want to split by the path separator of the current OS, use os.PathSeparator as the separator:
parts := strings.Split(s, string(os.PathSeparator))
filepath.SplitList() splits multiple joined paths into separate paths. It does not split one path into folders and file. For example:
fmt.Println("On Unix:", filepath.SplitList("/a/b/c:/usr/bin"))
Outputs:
On Unix: [/a/b/c /usr/bin]
答案2
得分: 3
请注意，根据我的测试，如果你只需要第一部分，使用strings.SplitN至少比较快10倍：
package main
import "strings"
func main() {
parts := strings.SplitN("foo/bar/file.txt", "/", 2)
println(parts[0] == "foo")
}
https://golang.org/pkg/strings#SplitN
英文:
Note that if you just need the first part, strings.SplitN is at least 10 times
faster from my testing:
package main
import "strings"
func main() {
parts := strings.SplitN("foo/bar/file.txt", "/", 2)
println(parts[0] == "foo")
}
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