英文:
New instance of struct from the type at runtime in GO
问题
我正在尝试在运行时使用结构体的类型(reflect.TypeOf)创建一个新的结构体实例。我已经在StackOverflow上遵循了这个线程的建议:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7850140/how-do-you-create-a-new-instance-of-a-struct-from-its-type-at-runtime-in-go。这是我的实现(也可以在http://play.golang.org/p/BtX0d5Ytu8找到):
package main
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
"encoding/json"
"bytes"
)
type UserInfo struct {
Email string `json:"email"`
FullName string `json:"name"`
ID string `json:"_id"`
}
func main() {
fmt.Println("Hello, playground")
db := DBEngine{}
db.DB = make(map[string][]byte)
db.Register(UserInfo{})
db.Put("142321", UserInfo{"jdoe@acme.com", "John Doe", "142321"})
ret := db.Get("142321")
fmt.Println("TypeOf(ret):", reflect.TypeOf(ret))
fmt.Println("ValueOf(ret):", reflect.ValueOf(ret))
fmt.Println("Value:", ret)
}
type DBEngine struct {
Template interface{}
DB map[string][]byte
}
func (db *DBEngine) Register(v interface{}) {
db.Template = v
}
//Set User defined object
func (db *DBEngine) Put(key string, v interface{}) {
res, _ := json.Marshal(v)
db.DB[key] = res
}
//Return user defined object
func (db *DBEngine) Get(key string) interface{} {
decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(db.DB[key]))
fmt.Println("Value []byte:", string(db.DB[key]))
ret := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template)).Elem()
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template), ret)
decoder.Decode(ret)
return ret.Interface()
}
由于某种原因,我总是得到一个空的结构体。我无法设置字段或修改它们。有人能够提供一些建议吗?
英文:
I am trying to create new instance of a struct, using it's type (reflect.TypeOf) at runtime. I have followed this thread on StackOverflow https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7850140/how-do-you-create-a-new-instance-of-a-struct-from-its-type-at-runtime-in-go. Here is my implementation (also at http://play.golang.org/p/BtX0d5Ytu8):
package main
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
"encoding/json"
"bytes"
)
type UserInfo struct {
Email string `json:"email"`
FullName string `json:"name"`
ID string `json:"_id"`
}
func main() {
fmt.Println("Hello, playground")
db := DBEngine{}
db.DB = make(map[string][]byte)
db.Register(UserInfo{})
db.Put("142321", UserInfo{"jdoe@acme.com", "John Doe", "142321"})
ret := db.Get("142321")
fmt.Println("TypeOf(ret):", reflect.TypeOf(ret))
fmt.Println("ValueOf(ret):", reflect.ValueOf(ret))
fmt.Println("Value:", ret)
}
type DBEngine struct {
Template interface{}
DB map[string][]byte
}
func (db *DBEngine) Register(v interface{}) {
db.Template = v
}
//Set User defined object
func (db *DBEngine) Put(key string, v interface{}) {
res, _ := json.Marshal(v)
db.DB[key] = res
}
//Return user defined object
func (db *DBEngine) Get(key string) interface{} {
decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(db.DB[key]));
fmt.Println("Value []byte:", string(db.DB[key]))
ret := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template)).Elem()
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template), ret)
decoder.Decode(ret)
return ret.Interface()
}
For some reason, I always get empty struct. I am unable to set fields or modify. Can someone suggest what is wrong?
答案1
得分: 3
我已经审查了你的代码。当你使用反射创建一个类型时,你得到的是一个 Value
类型的值,需要调用 Interface()
方法来获取该新生成值的接口。
请检查以下代码:
http://play.golang.org/p/CHWSV8EG7D
英文:
i reviewed your code. when you new a type with reflect, you got a value in Value
type, need to call Interface()
to get the interface of that new generated value
check the code
http://play.golang.org/p/CHWSV8EG7D
答案2
得分: 0
在运行reflect.New(sometype)
时,会返回一个指向sometype
类型的reflect.Value
指针。如果使用.Elem()
,将会得到一个直接指向空值的reflect.Value
。对于main.UserInfo{}
来说,可以这样处理。
// 返回用户定义的对象
func (db *DBEngine) Get(key string) interface{} {
decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(db.DB[key]))
fmt.Println("Value []byte:", string(db.DB[key]))
ret := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template)).Elem() // <-- 错误
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template), ret)
decoder.Decode(ret)
return ret.Interface()
}
// 打印结果
// Hello, playground
// Value []byte: {"email":"jdoe@acme.com","name":"John Doe","_id":"142321"}
// main.UserInfo { }
// TypeOf(ret): main.UserInfo
// ValueOf(ret): { }
// Value: { }
要获取*sometype
的值,请使用.Interface()
,这样你就可以进行解码。参考以下代码:
// 返回用户定义的对象
func (db *DBEngine) Get(key string) interface{} {
decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(db.DB[key]))
fmt.Println("Value []byte:", string(db.DB[key]))
retValue := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template))
retInter := retValue.Interface() // <--
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template), retInter)
decoder.Decode(retInter)
return retInter
}
结果:
Hello, playground
Value []byte: {"email":"jdoe@acme.com","name":"John Doe","_id":"142321"}
main.UserInfo &{ }
TypeOf(ret): *main.UserInfo
ValueOf(ret): &{jdoe@acme.com John Doe 142321}
Value: &{jdoe@acme.com John Doe 142321}
在 playground 上查看:https://play.golang.org/p/veTUho5D4d
英文:
On run reflect.New(sometype) result in an pointer for reflect.Value of sometype. If you use .Elem() will get direct value for reflect.Value that is empty. For this main.UserInfo{}.
//Return user defined object
func (db *DBEngine) Get(key string) interface{} {
decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(db.DB[key]));
fmt.Println("Value []byte:", string(db.DB[key]))
ret := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template)).Elem()//<--wrong
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template), ret)
decoder.Decode(ret)
return ret.Interface()
}
//print
//Hello, playground
//Value []byte: {"email":"jdoe@acme.com","name":"John Doe","_id":"142321"}
//main.UserInfo { }
//TypeOf(ret): main.UserInfo
//ValueOf(ret): { }
//Value: { }
For get *sometype value use .Interface(), so you will can to decode. See:
//Return user defined object
func (db *DBEngine) Get(key string) interface{} {
decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(db.DB[key]));
fmt.Println("Value []byte:", string(db.DB[key]))
retValue := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template))
retInter := retValue.Interface()//<--
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(db.Template), retInter)
decoder.Decode(retInter)
return retInter
}
Result:
Hello, playground
Value []byte: {"email":"jdoe@acme.com","name":"John Doe","_id":"142321"}
main.UserInfo &{ }
TypeOf(ret): *main.UserInfo
ValueOf(ret): &{jdoe@acme.com John Doe 142321}
Value: &{jdoe@acme.com John Doe 142321}
In playground: https://play.golang.org/p/veTUho5D4d
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