Simple Web Server Implementation: GoLang

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英文:

Simple Web Server Implementation: GoLang

问题

我正在尝试使用Go实现一个简单的Web服务器。我期望在客户端浏览器的URL"http://127.0.0.1.12000/"上显示"Hello World"。

我尝试了以下代码,但出现了错误。

package main

import "net"
import "fmt"
import "bufio"

// import "strings"
// 仅在示例处理中需要

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Launching server...")

    // 监听所有接口
    ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":12000")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Launching error1...")
        return
    }
    // 永久运行循环(或直到按下Ctrl-C)
    for {
        // 在端口上接受连接
        conn, err := ln.Accept()
        if err != nil {
            fmt.Println("Launching error2...")
            return
        }

        // 监听以换行符(\n)结尾的消息
        message, err := bufio.NewReader(conn).ReadString('\n')

        if err != nil {
            fmt.Println("Launching error3...")
            newmessage := "Hello World!"
            conn.Write([]byte(newmessage + "\n"))
            return
        }

        // 输出接收到的消息
        fmt.Print("Message Received:", string(message))

        // 接收到字符串的示例处理
        newmessage := "Hello World!"
        conn.Write([]byte(newmessage + "\n"))
    }
}

当我尝试执行该代码时,命令行显示如下内容,但浏览器上没有输出。

Launching server...
Message Received:GET / HTTP/1.1
Message Received:GET / HTTP/1.1

我是否漏掉了什么?我犯了什么错误?

英文:

I am trying to implement a simple web server using Go. I expected "Hello World" to be displayed on the client's browser at the URL "http://127.0.0.1.12000/".

I have tried the following code but ended up with errors.

package main

import "net"
import "fmt"
import "bufio"

// import "strings"
// only needed below for sample processing

func main() {
	fmt.Println("Launching server...")

	// listen on all interfaces
	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":12000")
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Launching error1...")
		return
	}
	// run loop forever (or until ctrl-c)
	for {
		// accept connection on port
		conn, err := ln.Accept()
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println("Launching error2...")
			return
		}

		// will listen for message to process ending in newline (\n)
		message, err := bufio.NewReader(conn).ReadString('\n')

		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println("Launching error3...")
			newmessage := "Hello World!"
			conn.Write([]byte(newmessage + "\n"))
			return
		}

		// output message received
		fmt.Print("Message Received:", string(message))

		// sample process for string received
		newmessage := "Hello World!"
		conn.Write([]byte(newmessage + "\n"))
	}
}

When I tried to execute the code, the command line shows the following, but there is no output on browser..

Launching server...
Message Received:GET / HTTP/1.1
Message Received:GET / HTTP/1.1

Am I missing anything? Did I make any mistakes?

答案1

得分: 2

只是在这里补充一些信息...你正在编写的不是一个简单的服务器。你正在尝试编写一个没有使用net/http包的HTTP服务器。这是非常复杂的。也许你想要一个回显服务器?

你的浏览器需要一个格式正确的HTTP响应。这意味着你不能只是向连接写入一个随机字符串,并期望它知道该怎么处理。这里有一个指向HTTP协议描述的wikipedia链接(我不打算在一个SO回答中描述整个协议)。

如果你只想要一个最基本的可以工作的答案:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8;
Content-Length: BODY的长度

BODY

注意,头部字段使用\r\n分隔,最后一个头部字段后面有两个\r\n

所以,代码应该是这样的:

conn.Write([]byte("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"))
conn.Write([]byte("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\r\n"))
newmessage := "Hello World!"
conn.Write([]byte("Content-Length: " + strconv.Itoa(len(newmessage)) + "\r\n\r\n"))
conn.Write([]byte(newmessage + "\n"))

另外,我猜由于这是一个协议问题,我也可以告诉你,典型的HTTP端口是80,备用/测试端口是8080。这只是一些额外的约定,供你了解。

英文:

Just to add some information here.. That that isn't a simple server that you're writing. You're trying to write an HTTP server without the net/http package. This is nontrivial. Perhaps you want an echo server instead?

Your browser wants a properly formatted HTTP response. That means you can't just write a random string to the connection and expect it to know what to do with it. Here is a wikipedia to the HTTP protocol description (I don't intend to describe an entire protocol in a SO answer).

If you want just a bare bones answer that should work:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8;
Content-Length: LENGTH OF BODY HERE

BODY

Note that headers are separated by \r\n and the last header is followed by two: \r\n\r\n.

So this:

conn.Write([]byte("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"))
conn.Write([]byte("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\r\n"))
newmessage := "Hello World!"
conn.Write([]byte("Content-Length: " + strconv.Itoa(len(newmessage)) + "\r\n\r\n"))
conn.Write([]byte(newmessage + "\n"))

Also, I guess since this is a protocol issue I could also let you know that the typical HTTP port is 80 and the alternative/testing one is 8080. Just some added convention for your knowledge I guess.

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2015年10月23日 09:07:20
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/33293293.html
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