迭代和类型转换在Go语言中的实现

huangapple go评论84阅读模式
英文:

iteration + casting in go

问题

我有一段代码片段,它在一个列表上使用了一个迭代器。

for x:= range s.faces.Iter(){
	x.Render()
}

编译器指出,x的类型是interface{},而我的代码中没有定义一个方法(i interface)Render()。

将代码改为:

for x:= range s.faces.Iter(){
	x.(faceTri).Render()
}

可以编译通过,因为有一个方法func (f faceTri) Render()。
但在执行时,会出现以下运行时错误:

panic: interface conversion: interface is *geometry.faceTri, not geometry.faceTri

(geometry是包名)

所以,有人可以指导我如何在Go语言中使用迭代器+类型转换的资源吗?

英文:

i have this snippet of code that use an iterator on a list

for x:= range s.faces.Iter(){
	x.Render()
}

as the compiler points, x is of type interface{} and there isn't a method (i interface)Render() defined in my code.

changing to

for x:= range s.faces.Iter(){
	x.(faceTri).Render()
}

compile, because there is a method func (f faceTri) Render()
but upon execution this runtime error is raised:

panic: interface conversion: interface is *geometry.faceTri, not geometry.faceTri

(geometry is the package)

so, anybody can point me to a resource that explain the go way to use iterators + casting?

答案1

得分: 3

那实际上在Go语言中被称为类型断言,而不是类型转换(类型转换是在编译时进行的某些兼容类型之间的转换,例如int -> int32)。

根据您发布的错误,您的代码中只有一个小错误。<code>x</code> 的底层类型是 <code>*faceTri</code>(指向faceTri结构的指针),所以类型断言应该是 <code>x.(*faceTri)</code>

编辑:

有几点需要澄清并超出您的问题。在Go语言中,类型断言不是类型转换,例如:<code>interface_with_underlying_type_int.(int64)</code> 会引发panic,即使<code>int</code> 可以转换为<code>int64</code>

此外,您可以使用逗号-ok惯用法来检查类型断言

<code>not_interface, ok := some_interface.(some_type)</code>

<code>ok</code> 是一个布尔值,指示转换是否成功,而不是引发运行时panic。

英文:

That's actually called a type assertion in go, not a cast (casts are compile time conversions between certain compatible type, i.e. int -> int32).

Based on the error you posted, you just have a tiny mistake in your code. The underlying type of <code>x</code> is <code>*faceTri</code> (a pointer to a faceTri structure), so the type assertion should be <code>x.(*faceTri)</code>

EDIT:

A few things to clarify and go beyond your question. A type assertion in go is not a cast, for example: <code>interface_with_underlying_type_int.(int64)</code> will panic, even though <code>int</code> can be cast to <code>int64</code>

Also, you can check a type assertion using the comma-ok idiom

<code>not_interface, ok := some_interface.(some_type)</code>

<code>ok</code> is a boolean indicating whether the conversion was successful, instead of causing a runtime panic.

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2010年7月16日 22:16:52
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/3265759.html
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