英文:
Is there a way to set an environment variable before any import in Go?
问题
我目前正在测试Go-SDL2库，只是为了好玩。我把二进制文件给了我的一个朋友，但他的机器上没有安装SDL。所以我想做的就是将这4个.so库与二进制文件一起分发，以便它可以在其他Linux机器上正常工作。这其实很容易，我只需要将LD_LIBRARY_PATH设置为当前文件夹即可。这只是为了测试目的。
问题是，在我导入go-sdl2库之前，我必须设置这个环境变量**。目前我只有一个源文件（main.go）。
我该如何实现这一点？（这是否可能？）
英文:
I'm currently testing the Go-SDL2 lib, just for fun. I gave the binary to one of my friend but he doesn't have the SDL installed on his machine. So all I want to do (is dance) is to distribute the 4 .so libs with the binary so that it will work fine on other Linux machines. It's pretty easy actually, I just have to set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH to point to the current folder. This is for testing purpose.
The problem is, I have to set this environment variable before I can import the go-sdl2 lib. For now I have a single source file (main.go obviously).
How can I achieve this ? (Is it even possible ?)
答案1
得分: 1
一种选择是使用一个脚本，在调用go-sdl2之前设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH环境变量（在同一个脚本中）。
另一个更有趣的选择是使用一个Docker镜像，基于该镜像创建一个Dockerfile，在其中安装SDL和Go（就像didstopia/sdl2和其Dockerfile中所示，结合一个Golang Dockerfile）。
这样，你就拥有了一个可复制的标准环境，不需要更改LD_LIBRARY_PATH。而且你可以导出该镜像，以便你的朋友进行实验。
英文:
One option is to have a script which sets the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable before calling go-sdl2 (in the same script).
The other more interesting option is to use a Docker image, make a Dockerfile based on that image, and install SDL and go in it (like in didstopia/sdl2 ad its Dockerfile, combined with a Golang Dockerfile).
You then have a reproducible standard environment, where you don't need to change LD_LIBRARY_PATH. And you can export that image in order for your friend to experiment with it.
答案2
得分: 0
你可以在主函数中检查LD_LIBRARY_PATH是否已设置，如果没有设置，可以使用os.exec重新启动自己，并添加环境变量。
基本上，你想要使用os.Args作为exec的参数，同时还要将环境变量LD_LIBRARY_PATH添加进去。
使用Bash脚本肯定是一种更简单的方法。但是如果你真的想让Go应用程序来做这个，也是可以的。
你可以尝试以下代码（未经测试）：
cmd := os.Command(os.Args[0], os.Args[1:]...)
cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=./wherever")
cmd.StdErr = os.StdErr // 标准错误输出，如果需要还可以设置标准输入和标准输出
err := cmd.Run() // 阻塞直到子进程完成
if err != nil {
os.Exit(1)
}
类似这样的代码。
英文:
You could, in main, check to see if LD_LIBRARY_PATH is set, and if not, relaunch (using: os.exec)yourself adding the environment variable.
you basically want to use os.Args as your arguments to exec, but also take your environment and add in LD_LIBRARY_PATH
Bash script is definitely a less funky way to do it. But if you really want the go app to do this, you can.
You want something like: (untested)
cmd := os.Command(os.Args[0],os.Args[1:]...)
cmd.Env = append(os.Environ, "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=./wherever")
cmd.StdErr = os.StdErr // repeat for StdIn/StdOut
err := cmd.Run() //blocks until sub process is complete
if err != nil {
os.Exit(1)
}
Something like that
1: https://golang.org/pkg/os/exec/
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