如何为基于net/http的代码编写集成测试？

huangapple
go评论113阅读模式
英文:

How to write integration tests for net/http based code?

问题

这是一个示例代码：

  1. package main
  3. import (
  4. 	"net/http"
  5. )
  7. func Home(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
  8. 	w.Write([]byte("Hello, world!"))
  9. }
  11. func Router() *http.ServeMux {
  12. 	mux := http.NewServeMux()
  13. 	mux.HandleFunc("/", Home)
  14. 	return mux
  15. }
  17. func main() {
  18. 	mux := Router()
  19. 	http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux)
  20. }

这是我编写的测试用例：

  1. package main
  3. import (
  4. 	"net/http"
  5. 	"net/http/httptest"
  6. 	"testing"
  7. )
  9. func TestMain(t *testing.T) {
  10. 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
  11. 	r, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
  12. 	Router().ServeHTTP(w, r)
  13. 	if w.Body.String() != "Hello, world!" {
  14. 		t.Error("Wrong content:", w.Body.String())
  15. 	}
  16. }

这个测试用例真的通过TCP套接字发送了一个HTTP请求并到达了/端点吗？还是只是调用了函数而没有建立HTTP连接？

更新

根据@ffk给出的答案，我将测试代码修改为：

  1. func TestMain(t *testing.T) {
  2. 	ts := httptest.NewServer(Router())
  3. 	defer ts.Close()
  4. 	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", ts.URL+"/", nil)
  5. 	client := http.Client{}
  6. 	resp, _ := client.Do(req)
  7. 	defer resp.Body.Close()
  8. 	body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
  9. 	if string(body) != "Hello, world!" {
  10. 		t.Error("Wrong content:", string(body))
  11. 	}
  12. }
英文:

Here is an example code:

  1. package main
  3. import (
  4. 	"net/http"
  5. )
  7. func Home(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
  8. 	w.Write([]byte("Hello, world!"))
  9. }
  11. func Router() *http.ServeMux {
  12. 	mux := http.NewServeMux()
  13. 	mux.HandleFunc("/", Home)
  14. 	return mux
  15. }
  17. func main() {
  18. 	mux := Router()
  19. 	http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux)
  20. }

This is the test case I wrote:

  1. package main
  3. import (
  4. 	"net/http"
  5. 	"net/http/httptest"
  6. 	"testing"
  7. )
  9. func TestMain(t *testing.T) {
  10. 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
  11. 	r, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
  12. 	Router().ServeHTTP(w, r)
  13. 	if w.Body.String() != "Hello, world!" {
  14. 		t.Error("Wrong content:", w.Body.String())
  15. 	}
  16. }

Is this test really sending an HTTP request through a TCP socket and reaching the end point /? Or this is just calling the function without making an HTTP connection?

Update

Based on the answer given by @ffk I wrote the test like this:

  1. func TestMain(t *testing.T) {
  2. 	ts := httptest.NewServer(Router())
  3. 	defer ts.Close()
  4. 	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", ts.URL+"/", nil)
  5. 	client := http.Client{}
  6. 	resp, _ := client.Do(req)
  7. 	defer resp.Body.Close()
  8. 	body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
  9. 	if string(body) != "Hello, world!" {
  10. 		t.Error("Wrong content:", string(body))
  11. 	}
  12. }

答案1

得分: 1

如果你想在127.0.0.1上实例化一个可通过随机TCP端口访问的测试服务器，请使用以下代码：

  1. httpHandler := getHttpHandler() // 类型为 http.Handler
  2. testServer := httptest.NewServer(httpHandler)
  3. defer testServer.Close()
  4. request, err := http.NewRequest("GET", testServer.URL+"/my/url", nil)
  5. client := http.Client{}
  6. response, err := client.Do(request)

更多信息，请参阅 https://golang.org/pkg/net/http/httptest/#NewServer

英文:

If you want to instantiate a test server accessible over a random tcp port on 127.0.0.1, use the following:

  1. httpHandler := getHttpHandler() // of type http.Handler
  2. testServer := httptest.NewServer(httpHandler)
  3. defer testServer.Close()
  4. request, err := http.NewRequest("GET", testServer.URL+"/my/url", nil)
  5. client := http.Client{}
  6. response, err := client.Do(request)

For more info, see https://golang.org/pkg/net/http/httptest/#NewServer

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2015年5月20日 02:00:01
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/30332873.html
  • go
  • integration-testing
  • testing
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