英文:
Defer called in go routine
问题
我相信我对正常情况下的defer理解得很好，比如在这个问题中列出的情况https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24720097/golang-defer-behavior。然而，当defer在不返回的goroutine中调用时，我有点困惑发生了什么。以下是相关的代码。
func start_consumer() {conn, _ := amqp.Dial("amqp://username:password@server.com")//defer conn.Close()ch, _ := conn.Channel()//defer ch.Close()q, _ := ch.QueueDeclare("test", // nametrue, // durablefalse, // delete when unusedfalse, // exclusivefalse, // no-waitnil, // arguments)_ = ch.Qos(3, // prefetch count0, // prefetch sizefalse, // global)forever := make(chan bool)go func() {for {msgs, _ := ch.Consume(q.Name, // queue"", // consumerfalse, // ackfalse, // exclusivefalse, // no-localfalse, // no-waitnil, // args)for d := range msgs {log.Printf("Received a message: %s", d.Body)d.Ack(true)}time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)}}()log.Printf(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C")<-forever}
这个函数是从以下位置调用的：
go start_consumer()
这可能是我对通道工作原理的误解，但我认为forever不会返回，因为它正在等待一个值传递给它。
英文:
I believe I understand defer well in the normal use cases. Such as the one listed in this question https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24720097/golang-defer-behavior. However I am a little perplexed as to what is happening when defer is called inside a goroutine that does not return. Here is the code in question.
func start_consumer() {conn, _ := amqp.Dial("amqp://username:password@server.com")//defer conn.Close()ch, _ := conn.Channel()//defer ch.Close()q, _ := ch.QueueDeclare("test", // nametrue, // durablefalse, // delete when unusedfalse, // exclusivefalse, // no-waitnil, // arguments)_ = ch.Qos(3, // prefetch count0, // prefetch sizefalse, // global)forever := make(chan bool)go func() {for {msgs, _ := ch.Consume(q.Name, // queue"", // consumerfalse, // ackfalse, // exclusivefalse, // no-localfalse, // no-waitnil, // args)for d := range msgs {log.Printf("Received a message: %s", d.Body)d.Ack(true)}time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)}}()log.Printf(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C")<-forever}
This function is called from
go start_consumer()
This is likely a misunderstanding by me how channels work but I though forever would not return since it's waiting for a value to be passed to it.
答案1
得分: 7
《Go Blog》中的延迟、恐慌和恢复一文在前面的问题中提到了延迟语句的工作原理。
延迟语句会将一个函数调用推入一个列表中。保存的函数调用列表会在包围它的函数返回后执行。延迟语句通常用于简化执行各种清理操作的函数。
在你的情况下，由于goroutine不会返回，保存的延迟调用列表将永远不会被执行。因此，在这种情况下，延迟语句是不必要的。
英文:
The Go Blog's Defer, Panic, and Recover post referenced in the previous question does a great job explaining how defer statements work.
> A defer statement pushes a function call onto a list. The list of saved calls is executed after the surrounding function returns. Defer is commonly used to simplify functions that perform various clean-up actions.
In your case since the goroutine does not return, the list of deferred calls will never be run. This makes the defer statement unnecessary in this context.
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