英文:
Go interface for set of constraints and inheritance
问题
我还在努力理解Golang的接口。请纠正我并帮助我理解。
Frances Campoy解释说，interface是一组约束条件。
所以在我的情况下，假设我有一个Store接口，它需要与约束一起使用，就像Go中的Interface排序一样。
type Store interface {
Earning() int
Expense() int
}
那么如果我想将这个接口约束实现到其他包中，比如StoreA、StoreB，我需要做什么呢？当我尝试以下代码时，我希望得到一条错误信息：
aa := StoreC{}
aa.Add("AAA")
// 错误提示：`StoreC`未实现`Add`方法，受`Store`接口约束...一些内容
那么如果我想在其他Store中强制执行这个约束，我该怎么做？我需要像继承一样做些什么吗？
type StoreC interface {
Store
}
换句话说，我想知道如何将package sort的三个方法的接口约束强制应用到Go中的每个sort操作。它是如何对任何其他可能的sort用法强制执行约束的？
谢谢！
英文:
I am still trying to understand Golang interface. Please correct me and help me understand.
Frances Campoy explains, interface is a set of contraints.
So in my case, let's say I have one Store interface that is to be interfaced with contrains, like sort Interface in Go.
type Store interface {
Earning() int
Expense() int
}
Then what do I have to do if I want to implement this interface constraint to other packages like StoreA, StoreB? I want to get a message like when I try:
aa := StoreC{}
aa.Add("AAA")
// error saying `StoreC` does not implement method `Add`, constrained by interface `Store`... something
So what do I do if I want to enforce this contraint in other Stores? Do I need to do something like inheritance?
type StoreC interface {
Store
}
In other words, I wonder how package sort's interface of 3 methods can be enforced to every sort operations in Go. How does it enforce the contraints to any other possible sort uses in Go?
Thanks!
答案1
得分: 1
接口对于接口的使用者来说非常有用。通过查看接口提供的方法，您可以知道可以安全使用哪些方法。
如果您有一个接口：
type MyInterface interface {
Frob(int)
Flanged() bool
}
您知道任何函数 func foo(thing MyInterface) 都可以安全地调用 thing.Frob(..) 和 thing.Flanged()。
任何实现了 func (r a_type) Frob(int) 和 func (r a_type) Flanged() bool 的类型都将满足该接口。编译器将在编译时进行此检查。
定义一个方法大致如下：
func (receiver a_type) methodname (可能还有更多参数) 可能的返回类型 {...}
接收器的类型是定义该方法的类型。方法的名称位于接收器类型之间，然后是（可能为空的）参数列表。
英文:
An interface is mostly useful for a user of the interface. By looking at what methods the interface provides, you know what methods you can safely use.
If you have an interface:
type MyInterface interface {
Frob(int)
Flanged() bool
}
You know that any function func foo(thing MyInterface) can safely call thing.Frob(..) and thing.Flanged() safely.
Any type that implements both a func (r a_type) Frob(int) and func (r a_type) Flanged() bool will satisfy the interface. The compiler will do this check at compile-time.
Defining a method looks (roughly) like this:
func (reciever a_type) methodname (possibly more args here) possibly_a_return_type {...}
The receiver's type is the type for which the method is defined. The name of the method comes between and then there's the (possibly empty) argument list.
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