Minimum value of set in idiomatic Go

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英文:

Minimum value of set in idiomatic Go

问题

你好!以下是你要翻译的内容:

如何编写一个在 Go 语言中返回集合最小值的函数?我不仅仅是在寻找一个解决方案(我知道可以在迭代第一个元素时初始化最小值,并设置一个布尔变量来表示是否已经初始化了最小值),而是要找一个符合惯用写法的解决方案。由于 Go 语言没有原生的集合类型,我们可以假设有一个 map[Cell]bool

英文:

How do I write a function that returns the minimum value of a set in go? I am not just looking for a solution (I know I could just initialize the min value when iterating over the first element and then set a boolean variable that I initialized the min value) but rather an idiomatic solution. Since go doesn't have native sets, assume we have a map[Cell]bool.

答案1

得分: 2

地图是在Go中实现集合的惯用方法。惯用的代码使用bool或struct{}作为地图的值类型。后者使用更少的存储空间,但在键盘上使用时需要多输入一些内容。

假设单元格的最大值为maxCell,那么这个函数将计算最小值:

func min(m map[Cell]bool) Cell {
    min := maxCell
    for k := range m {
        if k < min {
            min = k
        }
    }
    return min
}

如果Cell是一个数值类型,那么maxCell可以设置为math常量之一。

使用地图的任何解决方案都需要循环遍历键。

除了地图之外,您还可以保留一个,以找到最小值。这将需要更多的存储空间和代码,但根据集合的大小和最小函数的调用频率,可能更高效。

英文:

Maps are the idiomatic way to implement sets in Go. Idiomatic code uses either bool or struct{} as the map's value type. The latter uses less storage, but requires a little more typing at the keyboard to use.

Assuming that the maximum value for a cell is maxCell, then this function will compute the min:

func min(m map[Cell]bool) Cell {
    min := maxCell
    for k := range m {
	    if k &lt; min {
		    min = k
	    }
    }
    return min
}

If Cell is a numeric type, then maxCell can be set to one of the math constants.

Any solution using a map will require a loop over the keys.

You can keep a heap in addition to the map to find a minimum. This will require more storage and code, but can be more efficient depending on the size of the set and how often the minimum function is called.

答案2

得分: 2

一种不同的方法,根据你的集合大小,使用自排序切片可能更高效:

type Cell uint64

type CellSet struct {
    cells []Cell
}

func (cs *CellSet) Len() int {
    return len(cs.cells)
}

func (cs *CellSet) Swap(i, j int) {
    cs.cells[i], cs.cells[j] = cs.cells[j], cs.cells[i]
}

func (cs *CellSet) Less(i, j int) bool {
    return cs.cells[i] < cs.cells[j]
}

func (cs *CellSet) Add(c Cell) {
    for _, v := range cs.cells {
        if v == c {
            return
        }
    }
    cs.cells = append(cs.cells, c)
    sort.Sort(cs)
}

func (cs *CellSet) Min() Cell {
    if cs.Len() > 0 {
        return cs.cells[0]
    }
    return 0
}

func (cs *CellSet) Max() Cell {
    if l := cs.Len(); l > 0 {
        return cs.cells[l-1]
    }
    return ^Cell(0)
}

playground // 这是一个测试文件,将其复制到 set_test.go 并运行 go test -bench=. -benchmem -v

BenchmarkSlice                20          75385089 ns/op             104 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMap                  20          77541424 ns/op             158 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkSliceAndMin          20          77155563 ns/op             104 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMapAndMin             1        1827782378 ns/op            2976 B/op          8 allocs/op
英文:

A different approach and depending on how big your set is, using a self-sorting-slice can be more efficient:

type Cell uint64

type CellSet struct {
	cells []Cell
}

func (cs *CellSet) Len() int {
	return len(cs.cells)
}

func (cs *CellSet) Swap(i, j int) {
	cs.cells[i], cs.cells[j] = cs.cells[j], cs.cells[i]
}

func (cs *CellSet) Less(i, j int) bool {
	return cs.cells[i] &lt; cs.cells[j]
}

func (cs *CellSet) Add(c Cell) {
	for _, v := range cs.cells {
		if v == c {
			return
		}
	}
	cs.cells = append(cs.cells, c)
	sort.Sort(cs)
}

func (cs *CellSet) Min() Cell {
	if cs.Len() &gt; 0 {
		return cs.cells[0]
	}
	return 0
}

func (cs *CellSet) Max() Cell {
	if l := cs.Len(); l &gt; 0 {
		return cs.cells[l-1]
	}
	return ^Cell(0)
}

<kbd>playground</kbd> // this is a test file, copy it to set_test.go and run go test -bench=. -benchmem -v

BenchmarkSlice                20          75385089 ns/op             104 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMap                  20          77541424 ns/op             158 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkSliceAndMin          20          77155563 ns/op             104 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMapAndMin             1        1827782378 ns/op            2976 B/op          8 allocs/op

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2014年9月26日 23:44:30
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/26063380.html
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