英文:
How to set environment variables that last
问题
我正在尝试使用Go OS在我的机器上设置一些环境变量。
err := os.Setenv("DBHOST", dbHostLocal)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("err %v", err)
}
看起来这个变量在Go程序中是可用的,但是一旦我退出/终止Go进程,该变量就不再可用了。我想知道是否可能永久设置这些变量。原因是我想创建一个包含配置文件(数据库名称等)的“设置”文件,用于本地和开发环境之间的切换,而无需进行任何设置... 只需运行一次 go run setup.go。
英文:
I'm trying to set some environment variables on my machine using Go OS
err := os.Setenv("DBHOST", dbHostLocal)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("err %v", err)
}
It seems the variable is available to the Go program but once I quite / terminate the Go process the variable is no longer available. I'm wondering if it's possible to set these variables permanently. The reason is that i was looking to create a "setup" file with config files ( db name etc ) for the local and dev environment so that I could switch between without any setup at all... just one time go run setup.go.
答案1
得分: 23
不可能的。你不能改变父进程的环境。你只能改变自己的环境并将其传递给子进程。
你应该维护一个配置文件。
有很多Go的配置库可供选择:ini、yaml等。
如果你的程序更改了配置,每次更改后或者在一段时间后或者进程退出时将其保存到磁盘上。
英文:
Short: It is not possible. You can't change the environment of your parent process. You can only change your own and pass it to your children.
What you should do is maintain a config file.
There are plenty of go config libs out there: ini, yaml, etc.
If your program changes the config, save it to disk after each change or one in a while or when the process exits.
答案2
得分: 11
虽然被认为不可能,但如果你正在构建一个退出的命令行工具,你可以考虑将等效的 shell 输出到 STDOUT,例如:docker-machine eval。
以下是一个简单的示例:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
"strings"
)
type config struct {
db_host string
db_port int
db_user string
}
func main() {
c := config{"db.example.com", 3306, "user1"}
ct := reflect.ValueOf(&c).Elem()
typeOfC := ct.Type()
for i := 0; i < ct.NumField(); i++ {
f := ct.Field(i)
fmt.Printf("%s=%v\n", strings.ToUpper(typeOfC.Field(i).Name), f)
}
}
输出结果:
$ go run env.go
DB_HOST=db.example.com
DB_PORT=3306
DB_USER=user1
然后你可以在命令行上使用eval
命令,并访问这些变量。
$ eval $(go run env.go)
$ echo $DB_HOST
db.example.com
英文:
Whilst not considered possible, if you're building some cli tool that exits you could consider outputting the equivalent shell to STDOUT like: docker-machine eval.
Quick and dirty example:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
"strings"
)
type config struct {
db_host string
db_port int
db_user string
}
func main() {
c := config{"db.example.com", 3306, "user1"}
ct := reflect.ValueOf(&c).Elem()
typeOfC := ct.Type()
for i := 0; i < ct.NumField(); i++ {
f := ct.Field(i)
fmt.Printf("%s=%v\n", strings.ToUpper(typeOfC.Field(i).Name), f)
}
}
Output:
$ go run env.go
DB_HOST=db.example.com
DB_PORT=3306
DB_USER=user1
You can then eval
it on the command line and have access to those variables.
$ eval $(go run env.go)
$ echo $DB_HOST
db.example.com
答案3
得分: 3
唯一实现你想要的行为的方法是修改当前 shell 的环境,而最简单的方法是使用一个简单的 shell 脚本。
# setup.sh
export DBHOST="dbhost.url"
export CONFIG_VAR_TWO="testing"
然后执行以下命令:
$ source setup.sh
英文:
The only way to get the behavior you want is to alter the environment of the current shell, and the easiest way is with a simple shell script
# setup.sh
export DBHOST="dbhost.url"
export CONFIG_VAR_TWO="testing"
and then
$ source setup.sh
答案4
得分: 1
如果你想要写入注册表的值,是有可能的,但是你的应用程序需要管理员权限。
func setEnvironment(key string, value string){
k, err := registry.OpenKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, `SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\Session Manager\Environment`, registry.ALL_ACCESS)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer k.Close()
err = k.SetStringValue(key, value)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
英文:
It's possible if you write a value to the registry, but for this, your application needs administrator rights
func setEnvironment(key string, value string){
k, err := registry.OpenKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, `SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\Session Manager\Environment`, registry.ALL_ACCESS)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer k.Close()
err = k.SetStringValue(key, value)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
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