英文:
Using a struct with map data
问题
我相对于Go语言还比较新手，我在使用结构体处理POST数据方面遇到了困难。我想要做的是提交一个表单，然后将该表单提交到MongoDB（我还没有做到这一步）。我无法弄清楚如何将这个表单数据与结构体一起使用。
package main
import "net/http"
type Paste struct {
Title string
Content string
Language string
Expires int
Created int64
}
func index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
if r.Method == "POST" {
r.ParseForm()
// r.Form = map[title:[Wadup] content:[Brother]]
}
}
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", index)
http.ListenAndServe(":1234", nil)
}
基本上，我想要做的是将map的值插入到结构体中，而不是手动分配所有的值，就像你在这里看到的一样：p := Paste{Title: r.Form["title"]}
英文:
I'm relatively new to Go, I'm struggling to get my head around using POST data with structs. What I essentially want to do is submit a form, then submit that form to MongoDB (haven't got that far yet). I can't work out how to use this form data with a struct.
package main
import "net/http"
type Paste struct {
Title string
Content string
Language string
Expires int
Created int64
}
func index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
if r.Method == "POST" {
r.ParseForm()
// r.Form = map[title:[Wadup] content:[Brother]]
}
}
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", index)
http.ListenAndServe(":1234", nil)
}
What I basically want to do is insert the map values into the struct, without manually assigning all of them, like you can see here: p := Paste{Title: r.Form["title"]}
答案1
得分: 0
在调用r.ParseForm()之后，你可以访问r.Form，它保存了解析后的表单数据的map[string][]string。你可以通过使用键（表单字段名）来访问这个映射：
r.ParseForm()
form := r.Form
someField := form["someField"]
anotherField := form["anotherField"]
或者遍历所有可用的键/值：
r.ParseForm()
form := r.Form
for key, value := range form {
fmt.Println("Key:", key, "Value:", value)
}
更新
如果你想要一个更通用的解决方案，可以看一下reflect包。这只是一个简单的示例：
v := url.Values{}
v.Set("Title", "Your Title")
v.Set("Content", "Your Content")
v.Set("Language", "English")
v.Set("Expires", "2015")
v.Set("Created", "2014")
paste := Paste{}
ps := reflect.ValueOf(&paste)
s := ps.Elem()
for key, value := range v {
f := s.FieldByName(key)
if f.IsValid() && f.CanSet() {
switch f.Kind() {
case reflect.String:
f.SetString(value[0])
case reflect.Int64:
i, _ := strconv.ParseInt(value[0], 0, 64)
f.SetInt(i)
}
}
}
英文:
After you called r.ParseForm() you can access r.Form which holds a map[string][]string of the parsed form data. This map can be accessed by using keys (your form field names):
r.ParseForm()
form := r.Form
someField := form["someField"]
anotherField := form["anotherField"]
or loop through all available keys/ values:
r.ParseForm()
form := r.Form
for key, value := range form {
fmt.Println("Key:", key, "Value:", value)
}
Update
In case you want a more generic solution take a look at the reflect package. Just to give you a rough example it could look like this:
v := url.Values{}
v.Set("Title", "Your Title")
v.Set("Content", "Your Content")
v.Set("Language", "English")
v.Set("Expires", "2015")
v.Set("Created", "2014")
paste := Paste{}
ps := reflect.ValueOf(&paste)
s := ps.Elem()
for key, value := range v {
f := s.FieldByName(key)
if f.IsValid() && f.CanSet() {
switch f.Kind() {
case reflect.String:
f.SetString(value[0])
case reflect.Int64:
i, _ := strconv.ParseInt(value[0], 0, 64)
f.SetInt(i)
}
}
}
答案2
得分: 0
使用gorilla/schema库，该库专为此用例而构建：
package main
import (
"net/http"
"github.com/gorilla/schema"
)
type Paste struct {
Title string
Content string
Language string
Expires int
Created int64
}
var decoder = schema.NewDecoder()
func index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
err := r.ParseForm()
// 处理错误
var paste = &Paste{}
err := decoder.Decode(paste, r.PostForm)
// 处理错误
}
英文:
Use gorilla/schema, which was built for this use-case:
package main
import(
"net/http"
"github.com/gorilla/schema"
)
type Paste struct {
Title string
Content string
Language string
Expires int
Created int64
}
var decoder = schema.NewDecoder()
func index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
err := r.ParseForm()
// handle error
var paste = &Paste{}
err := decoder.Decode(paste, r.PostForm)
// handle error
}
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