英文:
Golang Flag gets interpreted as first os.Args argument
问题
我想这样运行我的程序:
go run launch.go http://example.com --m=2 --strat=par
"http://example.com" 被解释为第一个命令行参数,这是可以的,但是标志没有被解析,仍然保持默认值。如果我这样写:
go run launch.go --m=2 --strat=par http://example.com
那么"--m=2" 被解释为第一个参数(应该是URL)。
我也可以完全删除 os.Args,但是这样我只会有可选标志,而我想要一个(URL)是必需的。
这是我的代码:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"webcrawler/crawler"
"webcrawler/model"
"webcrawler/urlutils"
"os"
"flag"
)
func main() {
if len(os.Args) < 2 {
log.Fatal("Url must be provided as first argument")
}
strategy := flag.String("strat", "par", "par for parallel OR seq for sequential crawling strategy")
routineMultiplier := flag.Int("m", 1, "Goroutine multiplier. Default 1x logical CPUs. Only works in parallel strategy")
page := model.NewBasePage(os.Args[1])
urlutils.BASE_URL = os.Args[1]
flag.Parse()
pages := crawler.Crawl(&page, *strategy, *routineMultiplier)
fmt.Printf("Crawled: %d\n", len(pages))
}
我很确定这应该是可能的,但是我无法弄清楚如何做到。
编辑:
感谢 justinas 提供 flag.Args() 的提示。我现在将其调整为以下方式,它可以工作:
...
flag.Parse()
args := flag.Args()
if len(args) != 1 {
log.Fatal("Only one argument (URL) allowed.")
}
page := model.NewBasePage(args[0])
...
英文:
I would like to run my program like this:
go run launch.go http://example.com --m=2 --strat=par
"http://example.com" gets interpreted as the first command line argument, which is ok, but the flags are not parsed after that and stay at the default value. If I put it like this:
go run launch.go --m=2 --strat=par http://example.com
then "--m=2" is interpreted as the first argument (which should be the URL).
I could also just remove the os.Args completely, but then I would have only optional flags and I want one (the URL) to be mandatory.
Here's my code:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"webcrawler/crawler"
"webcrawler/model"
"webcrawler/urlutils"
"os"
"flag"
)
func main() {
if len(os.Args) < 2 {
log.Fatal("Url must be provided as first argument")
}
strategy := flag.String("strat", "par", "par for parallel OR seq for sequential crawling strategy")
routineMultiplier := flag.Int("m", 1, "Goroutine multiplier. Default 1x logical CPUs. Only works in parallel strategy")
page := model.NewBasePage(os.Args[1])
urlutils.BASE_URL = os.Args[1]
flag.Parse()
pages := crawler.Crawl(&page, *strategy, *routineMultiplier)
fmt.Printf("Crawled: %d\n", len(pages))
}
I am pretty sure that this should be possible, but I can't figure out how.
EDIT:
Thanks justinas for the hint with the flag.Args(). I now adapted it like this and it works:
...
flag.Parse()
args := flag.Args()
if len(args) != 1 {
log.Fatal("Only one argument (URL) allowed.")
}
page := model.NewBasePage(args[0])
...
答案1
得分: 28
os.Args
并不真正了解flag
包,并包含所有命令行参数。请尝试使用flag.Args()(当然,在调用flag.Parse()
之后)。
英文:
os.Args
doesn't really know anything about the flag
package and contains all command-line arguments. Try flag.Args() (after calling flag.Parse()
, of course).
答案2
得分: 17
作为后续操作,要解析跟随命令的标志,例如:
runme init -m thisis
您可以创建自己的 flagset 来跳过第一个值,如下所示:
var myValue string
mySet := flag.NewFlagSet("", flag.ExitOnError)
mySet.StringVar(&myValue, "m", "mmmmm", "something")
mySet.Parse(os.Args[2:])
英文:
As a followup, to parse flags that follow a command like
runme init -m thisis
You can create your own flagset to skip the first value like
var myValue string
mySet := flag.NewFlagSet("",flag.ExitOnError)
mySet.StringVar(&myValue,"m","mmmmm","something")
mySet.Parse(os.Args[2:])
答案3
得分: 4
这个问题也困扰了我,因为我在我的应用程序中的几个地方调用了flag.String/flag.Int64
等函数,我不想在各个地方都传递一个新的flag.FlagSet
。
// 如果一个命令行应用程序的使用方式是这样的:./app subcommand -flag -flag2
// flag.Parse
在subcommand
之后不会解析任何内容。
// 为了仍然能够使用flag.String/flag.Int64
等函数而不创建一个新的flag.FlagSet
,我们需要这个技巧来找到第一个带有破折号的参数,
// 这样我们就知道何时开始解析。
firstArgWithDash := 1
for i := 1; i < len(os.Args); i++ {
firstArgWithDash = i
if len(os.Args[i]) > 0 && os.Args[i][0] == '-' {
break
}
}
flag.CommandLine.Parse(os.Args[firstArgWithDash:])
我之所以选择这种方式,是因为flag.Parse
在内部实际上只是调用了flag.CommandLine.Parse(os.Args[1:])
。
英文:
This tripped me up too, and since I call flag.String/flag.Int64/etc
in a couple of places in my app, I didn't want to have to pass around a new flag.FlagSet
all over the place.
// If a commandline app works like this: ./app subcommand -flag -flag2
// `flag.Parse` won't parse anything after `subcommand`.
// To still be able to use `flag.String/flag.Int64` etc without creating
// a new `flag.FlagSet`, we need this hack to find the first arg that has a dash
// so we know when to start parsing
firstArgWithDash := 1
for i := 1; i < len(os.Args); i++ {
firstArgWithDash = i
if len(os.Args[i]) > 0 && os.Args[i][0] == '-' {
break
}
}
flag.CommandLine.Parse(os.Args[firstArgWithDash:])
The reason I went with this is because flag.Parse
just calls flag.CommandLine.Parse(os.Args[1:])
under the hood anyway.
答案4
得分: 0
你可以检查参数是否以"--"或"-"开头,并避免在循环中使用该参数。
例如:
for _, file := range os.Args[1:] {
if strings.HasPrefix(file, "--") {
continue
}
//执行操作
}
英文:
You can check if the Arg starts with "--" or "-" and avoid using that Arg in a loop.
For example:
for _, file := range os.Args[1:] {
if strings.HasPrefix(file, "--") {
continue
}
//do stuff
}
通过集体智慧和协作来改善编程学习和解决问题的方式。致力于成为全球开发者共同参与的知识库,让每个人都能够通过互相帮助和分享经验来进步。
评论