英文:
Go: How can I "unpack" a struct?
问题
我有一个结构体:
type mystruct struct {
Foo string
Bar int
}
我想从这个结构体创建以下形式的SQL插入语句:
m := mystruct{"Hello", 1}
query := "INSERT INTO mytbl (foo, bar) VALUES (?, ?)"
res, err := db.Exec(query, m.Foo, m.Bar)
现在我的问题是:如何根据结构体(或m本身)动态生成最后一行代码?我可以使用reflect
获取结构体的字段名,但我不知道如何为db.Exec()
调用创建[]interface{}
切片。这是我尝试过的代码:(http://play.golang.org/p/GR1Bb61NFH)
package main
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
)
type mystruct struct {
Foo string
Bar int
}
func main() {
m := mystruct{"Foo", 1}
fmt.Println(readNames(m))
x := unpackStruct(m)
fmt.Printf("%#v\n", x)
}
func unpackStruct(a interface{}) []interface{} {
// 将a转换为m类型
// 不起作用,来自“反射定律”
s := reflect.ValueOf(&t).Elem()
typeOfT := s.Type()
for i := 0; i < s.NumField(); i++ {
f := s.Field(i)
fmt.Printf("%d: %s %s = %v\n", i,
typeOfT.Field(i).Name, f.Type(), f.Interface())
}
// 这是我想要的原则:
m := mystruct{"Hello", 2}
var ret []interface{}
ret = make([]interface{}, s.NumField())
ret[0] = m.Foo
ret[1] = m.Bar
return ret
}
// 运行良好:
func readNames(a interface{}) []string {
s := reflect.TypeOf(a)
lenStruct := s.NumField()
ret := make([]string, lenStruct)
for i := 0; i < lenStruct; i++ {
ret[i] = s.Field(i).Name
}
return ret
}
英文:
I have a struct:
type mystruct struct {
Foo string
Bar int
}
I'd like to create SQL insert statements from the struct which have the following form:
m := mystruct{ "Hello" , 1 }
query := "INSERT INTO mytbl ( foo, bar ) VALUES ( ?,? )"
res,err := db.Exec(query, m.Foo, m.Bar)
Now my question is: how can I make the last line dynamically from the struct (or m) itself? I am able to get the struct names using reflect
, but I don't know how to create the []interface{}
slice for the db.Exec()
call. This is what I have tried: (http://play.golang.org/p/GR1Bb61NFH)
package main
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
)
type mystruct struct {
Foo string
Bar int
}
func main() {
m := mystruct{"Foo", 1}
fmt.Println(readNames(m))
x := unpackStruct(m)
fmt.Printf("%#v\n", x)
}
func unpackStruct(a interface{}) []interface{} {
// "convert" a to m t
// doesn't work, from 'laws of reflection'
s := reflect.ValueOf(&t).Elem()
typeOfT := s.Type()
for i := 0; i < s.NumField(); i++ {
f := s.Field(i)
fmt.Printf("%d: %s %s = %v\n", i,
typeOfT.Field(i).Name, f.Type(), f.Interface())
}
// this is in principle what I want:
m := mystruct{"Hello", 2}
var ret []interface{}
ret = make([]interface{}, s.NumField())
ret[0] = m.Foo
ret[1] = m.Bar
return ret
}
// works fine:
func readNames(a interface{}) []string {
s := reflect.TypeOf(a)
lenStruct := s.NumField()
ret := make([]string, lenStruct)
for i := 0; i < lenStruct; i++ {
ret[i] = s.Field(i).Name
}
return ret
}
答案1
得分: 2
如果你的问题是获取字段的值,以下代码片段应该能帮到你:
s := reflect.ValueOf(a)
ret := make([]interface{}, s.NumField())
for i := 0; i < s.NumField(); i++ {
ret[i] = s.Field(i).Interface()
}
英文:
If getting the values of the fields is your issue, this code snippet should help:
s := reflect.ValueOf(a)
ret := make([]interface{}, s.NumField())
for i := 0; i < s.NumField(); i++ {
ret[i] = s.Field(i).Interface()
}
答案2
得分: 0
如果创建[]interface{}
值是你的问题,使用reflect
的切片创建机制应该能很好地解决:
slc := reflect.MakeSlice(InterfaceType, len, cap) // 请参考下面的链接来创建InterfaceType
slc.Index(0).Set(TargetValue)
return slc.Interface()
(这是上述提到的链接)。
修改上述代码以循环遍历结构体中的值而不仅仅是第0个索引应该不会太麻烦。
英文:
If creating the []interface{}
value is your problem, using reflect
's slice creation mechanisms should work nicely:
slc := reflect.MakeSlice(InterfaceType, len, cap) // See the link below for creating InterfaceType
slc.Index(0).Set(TargetValue)
return slc.Interface()
(Here's the above-mentioned link).
Modifying the above code to loop over the values in the struct instead of just the 0th index shouldn't be too bad.
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