英文:
Function for copying arrays in Go language
问题
Go语言中是否有用于将一个数组复制到另一个数组的内置函数?在处理二维(或更高维)数组时,这个方法是否适用?
英文:
Is there any built-in function in Go for copying one array to another?
Will this work in case of two (or more) dimensional arrays?
答案1
得分: 39
Go语言中有一个内置函数可以将一个数组复制到另一个数组中,它就是copy
函数。下面是一个示例:
a := []string{
"hello",
"world",
}
b := []string{
"goodbye",
"world",
}
copy(a, b)
// a == []string{"goodbye", "world"}
对于二维(或更高维)数组,copy
函数只会进行浅拷贝。下面是一个示例:
a := make([][]string, 10)
b := make([][]string, 10)
for i := range b {
b[i] = make([]string, 10)
for j := range b[i] {
b[i][j] = strconv.Itoa(i + j)
}
}
copy(a, b)
// a和b看起来是一样的
b[1] = []string{"some", "new", "data"}
// b的第二行不同,但a仍然是一样的
b[0][0] = "apple"
// 现在a看起来不同了
如果你想要进行多维数组的深拷贝,目前没有内置的函数可以直接实现。你可以手动进行深拷贝,下面是一个示例:
a := make([][]string, 10)
b := make([][]string, 10)
for i := range b {
b[i] = make([]string, 10)
for j := range b[i] {
b[i][j] = strconv.Itoa(i + j)
}
}
// 手动进行深拷贝
for i := range b {
a[i] = make([]string, len(b[i]))
copy(a[i], b[i])
}
b[0][0] = "apple"
// a仍然是一样的
需要注意的是,我假设你所说的"copy an array"是指"对切片进行深拷贝",因为数组可以使用=
运算符进行深拷贝。
英文:
> Is there any built-in function in Go language for copying one array to another?
Yes: http://play.golang.org/p/_lYNw9SXN5
a := []string{
"hello",
"world",
}
b := []string{
"goodbye",
"world",
}
copy(a, b)
// a == []string{"goodbye", "world"}
> Will this work in case of two (or more) dimensional arrays?
copy
will do a shallow copy of the rows: http://play.golang.org/p/0gPk6P1VWh
a := make([][]string, 10)
b := make([][]string, 10)
for i := range b {
b[i] = make([]string, 10)
for j := range b[i] {
b[i][j] = strconv.Itoa(i + j)
}
}
copy(a, b)
// a and b look the same
b[1] = []string{"some", "new", "data"}
// b's second row is different; a still looks the same
b[0][0] = "apple"
// now a looks different
I don't think there's a built-in for doing deep-copys of multi-dimensional arrays: you can do it manually like: http://play.golang.org/p/nlVJq-ehzC
a := make([][]string, 10)
b := make([][]string, 10)
for i := range b {
b[i] = make([]string, 10)
for j := range b[i] {
b[i][j] = strconv.Itoa(i + j)
}
}
// manual deep copy
for i := range b {
a[i] = make([]string, len(b[i]))
copy(a[i], b[i])
}
b[0][0] = "apple"
// a still looks the same
edit: As pointed out in the comments, I assumed by "copy an array" you meant "do a deep copy of a slice", as arrays can be deep-copied with the =
operator as per jnml's answer (because arrays are value types): http://play.golang.org/p/8EuFqXnqPB
答案2
得分: 22
在Go语言中,复制数组的主要方法是使用赋值运算符=,这对于任何其他类型的值也是如此。
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
var a, b [4]int
a[2] = 42
b = a
fmt.Println(a, b)
// 2D array
var c, d [3][5]int
c[1][2] = 314
d = c
fmt.Println(c)
fmt.Println(d)
}
输出结果:
[0 0 42 0] [0 0 42 0]
[[0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 314 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0]]
[[0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 314 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0]]
英文:
The primary "function" for copying an array in Go is the assignment operator =, as it is the case for any other value of any other type.
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
var a, b [4]int
a[2] = 42
b = a
fmt.Println(a, b)
// 2D array
var c, d [3][5]int
c[1][2] = 314
d = c
fmt.Println(c)
fmt.Println(d)
}
Output:
[0 0 42 0] [0 0 42 0]
[[0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 314 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0]]
[[0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 314 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0]]
答案3
得分: 10
使用copy
函数将切片a
的元素复制到数组b
中。
a := []int{1, 2, 3}
var b [3]int
fmt.Println("A:", a)
fmt.Println("B:", b)
copy(b[:], a)
fmt.Println("A:", a)
fmt.Println("B2:", b)
b[1] = 9
fmt.Println("A:", a)
fmt.Println("B3:", b)
输出结果:
A: [1 2 3]
B: [0 0 0]
A: [1 2 3]
B2: [1 2 3]
A: [1 2 3]
B3: [1 9 3]
英文:
Use copy
http://play.golang.org/p/t7P6IliMOK
a := []int{1, 2, 3}
var b [3]int
fmt.Println("A:", a)
fmt.Println("B:", b)
copy(b[:], a)
fmt.Println("A:", a)
fmt.Println("B2:", b)
b[1] = 9
fmt.Println("A:", a)
fmt.Println("B3:", b)
OUT:
A: [1 2 3]
B: [0 0 0]
A: [1 2 3]
B2: [1 2 3]
A: [1 2 3]
B3: [1 9 3]
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