英文:
In the Go programming language, is it possible to obtain a variable's type as a string?
问题
我对Go编程语言不太熟悉，一直在尝试找到一种将变量的类型作为字符串获取的方法。到目前为止，我还没有找到有效的方法。我尝试使用typeof(variableName)来获取变量的类型作为字符串，但这似乎是无效的。
Go是否有任何内置运算符可以获取变量的类型作为字符串，类似于JavaScript的typeof运算符或Python的type运算符？
//尝试将变量的类型作为字符串打印出来：
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
num := 3
fmt.Println(typeof(num))
//我期望这会打印出"int"，但是typeof似乎是一个无效的函数名。
}
英文:
I'm fairly unfamiliar with the Go programming language, and I've been trying to find a way to get the type of a variable as a string. So far, I haven't found anything that works. I've tried using typeof(variableName) to obtain a variable's type as a string, but this doesn't appear to be valid.
Does Go have any built-in operator that can obtain a variable's type as a string, similar to JavaScript's typeof operator or Python's type operator?
//Trying to print a variable's type as a string:
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
num := 3
fmt.Println(typeof(num))
//I expected this to print "int", but typeof appears to be an invalid function name.
}
答案1
得分: 14
如果你只想打印类型，那么 fmt.Printf("%T", num) 就可以工作。
英文:
If you just want to print the type then: fmt.Printf("%T", num) will work. http://play.golang.org/p/vRC2aahE2m
答案2
得分: 13
package main
import "fmt"
import "reflect"
func main() {
num := 3
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(num))
}
这将输出：
int
更新： 你更新了你的问题，指定你想要将类型作为字符串返回。TypeOf返回一个Type，它有一个Name方法，可以将类型作为字符串返回。所以：
typeStr := reflect.TypeOf(num).Name()
更新2： 为了更全面，我应该指出你可以选择在Type上调用Name()或String()方法；它们有时是不同的：
// Name返回类型在其包中的名称。
// 对于无名称的类型，它返回一个空字符串。
Name() string
与：
// String返回类型的字符串表示。
// 字符串表示可能使用缩写的包名
// （例如，base64代替"encoding/base64"），
// 并且不能保证在类型之间是唯一的。要进行相等性测试，
// 直接比较Types。
String() string
英文:
There's the TypeOf function in the reflect package:
package main
import "fmt"
import "reflect"
func main() {
num := 3
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(num))
}
This outputs:
<pre>
int
</pre>
Update: You updated your question specifying that you want the type as a string. TypeOf returns a Type, which has a Name method that returns the type as a string. So
typeStr := reflect.TypeOf(num).Name()
Update 2: To be more thorough, I should point out that you have a choice between calling Name() or String() on your Type; they're sometimes different:
// Name returns the type's name within its package.
// It returns an empty string for unnamed types.
Name() string
versus:
// String returns a string representation of the type.
// The string representation may use shortened package names
// (e.g., base64 instead of "encoding/base64") and is not
// guaranteed to be unique among types. To test for equality,
// compare the Types directly.
String() string
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