英文:
How to encrypt and decrypt plain text with a RSA keys in Go?
问题
我正在尝试编写一个实用程序,使用RSA密钥对加密和解密纯文本文件。RSA密钥是使用ssh-keygen生成的,并存储在.ssh中,与通常情况相同。
我在使用Go语言的crypto和crypto/rsa包时遇到了一些困难。这些包的文档有点稀少(因为我对加密还不熟悉),而且示例很少。我查看了rsa_test.go文件,希望能找到一些线索,但只让我更加困惑。
简而言之,我想从.ssh中的id_rsa和id_rsa.pub文件中加载公钥/私钥对,并使用它们来加密/解密纯文本文件。
提前谢谢!
英文:
I am trying to write a utility program which encrypts and decrypts plain text files using a RSA key pair. The RSA keys were generated with ssh-keygen and are stored in .ssh, as usual.
I am having trouble understanding how to do that with the Go language crypto and crypto/rsa packages? The documentation on those is a little sparse (even more so because I am new to encryption) and there are very few examples. I checked the rsa_test.go file for any clues, but it only confused me more.
In short I am trying to load the public/private key pair from the id_rsa and id_rsa.pub files in .ssh and use them to encrypt/decrypt a plain text file.
Thank you in advance!
答案1
得分: 21
请注意,RSA不是设计成块密码的。通常情况下,RSA用于加密一个对称密钥,然后使用该密钥来加密数据。然而,下面是一个可以使用RSA私钥加密数据并可以自行解密的程序:
package main
import (
"crypto/rand"
"crypto/rsa"
"crypto/sha1"
"crypto/x509"
"encoding/pem"
"flag"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
)
// 命令行标志
var (
keyFile = flag.String("key", "id_rsa", "RSA私钥文件路径")
inFile = flag.String("in", "in.txt", "输入文件路径")
outFile = flag.String("out", "out.txt", "输出文件路径")
label = flag.String("label", "", "要使用的标签(默认为文件名)")
decrypt = flag.Bool("decrypt", false, "解密而不是加密")
)
func main() {
flag.Parse()
// 读取输入文件
in, err := ioutil.ReadFile(*inFile)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("输入文件:%s", err)
}
// 读取私钥
pemData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(*keyFile)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("读取密钥文件:%s", err)
}
// 提取PEM编码的数据块
block, _ := pem.Decode(pemData)
if block == nil {
log.Fatalf("密钥数据有误:%s", "非PEM编码")
}
if got, want := block.Type, "RSA PRIVATE KEY"; got != want {
log.Fatalf("未知密钥类型 %q,期望 %q", got, want)
}
// 解码RSA私钥
priv, err := x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(block.Bytes)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("私钥有误:%s", err)
}
var out []byte
if *decrypt {
if *label == "" {
*label = *outFile
}
// 解密数据
out, err = rsa.DecryptOAEP(sha1.New(), rand.Reader, priv, in, []byte(*label))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("解密:%s", err)
}
} else {
if *label == "" {
*label = *inFile
}
out, err = rsa.EncryptOAEP(sha1.New(), rand.Reader, &priv.PublicKey, in, []byte(*label))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("加密:%s", err)
}
}
// 将数据写入输出文件
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(*outFile, out, 0600); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("写入输出:%s", err)
}
}
英文:
Keep in mind that RSA is not designed to be a block cipher. Usually RSA is used to encrypt a symmetric key that is then used to encrypt the data. With that in mind, however, here is a program which can use an RSA private key to encrypt data that can be decrypted by itself:
package main
import (
"crypto/rand"
"crypto/rsa"
"crypto/sha1"
"crypto/x509"
"encoding/pem"
"flag"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
)
// Command-line flags
var (
keyFile = flag.String("key", "id_rsa", "Path to RSA private key")
inFile = flag.String("in", "in.txt", "Path to input file")
outFile = flag.String("out", "out.txt", "Path to output file")
label = flag.String("label", "", "Label to use (filename by default)")
decrypt = flag.Bool("decrypt", false, "Decrypt instead of encrypting")
)
func main() {
flag.Parse()
// Read the input file
in, err := ioutil.ReadFile(*inFile)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("input file: %s", err)
}
// Read the private key
pemData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(*keyFile)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("read key file: %s", err)
}
// Extract the PEM-encoded data block
block, _ := pem.Decode(pemData)
if block == nil {
log.Fatalf("bad key data: %s", "not PEM-encoded")
}
if got, want := block.Type, "RSA PRIVATE KEY"; got != want {
log.Fatalf("unknown key type %q, want %q", got, want)
}
// Decode the RSA private key
priv, err := x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(block.Bytes)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("bad private key: %s", err)
}
var out []byte
if *decrypt {
if *label == "" {
*label = *outFile
}
// Decrypt the data
out, err = rsa.DecryptOAEP(sha1.New(), rand.Reader, priv, in, []byte(*label))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("decrypt: %s", err)
}
} else {
if *label == "" {
*label = *inFile
}
out, err = rsa.EncryptOAEP(sha1.New(), rand.Reader, &priv.PublicKey, in, []byte(*label))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("encrypt: %s", err)
}
}
// Write data to output file
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(*outFile, out, 0600); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("write output: %s", err)
}
}
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