将加密/rsa私钥保存到磁盘并从磁盘加载

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英文:

Save and load crypto/rsa PrivateKey to and from the disk

问题

我正在使用crypto/rsa,并尝试找到一种正确保存和加载密钥的方法。是否有一种正确的方法可以从rsa.PrivateKey创建一个[]byte?如果是这样,是否有一种正确的方法可以为rsa.PublicKey做到这一点?

非常感谢大家。

英文:

I'm using crypto/rsa, and trying to find a way to properly save and load a key. Is there a correct way to create a []byte from an rsa.PrivateKey. If so, is there a way to properly do so for an rsa.PublicKey?

Thank you all very much.

答案1

得分: 99

你需要一种格式来将密钥编组。Go标准库支持的一种格式可以在这里找到:http://golang.org/pkg/crypto/x509/#MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey

func MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key *rsa.PrivateKey) []byte

逆函数是http://golang.org/pkg/crypto/x509/#ParsePKCS1PrivateKey。

func ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(der []byte) (key *rsa.PrivateKey, err error)

然而,将编组的密钥编码为PEM文件是相对标准的做法。

pemdata := pem.EncodeToMemory(
    &pem.Block{
        Type: "RSA PRIVATE KEY",
        Bytes: x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key),
    },
)

你可以在这里找到一个完整的示例:这里

英文:

You need some sort of format to marshal the key into. One format supported by the Go standard library can be found here: http://golang.org/pkg/crypto/x509/#MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey

func MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key *rsa.PrivateKey) []byte

The inverse function is http://golang.org/pkg/crypto/x509/#ParsePKCS1PrivateKey.

func ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(der []byte) (key *rsa.PrivateKey, err error)

However, it is relatively standard to encode the marshaled key into a PEM file.

pemdata := pem.EncodeToMemory(
    &pem.Block{
        Type: "RSA PRIVATE KEY",
        Bytes: x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key),
    },
)

You can find a full example here.

答案2

得分: 66

这是一个代码片段,展示了公钥和私钥的导入和导出。它基于其他非常有用的答案,以及官方文档的复制粘贴。

package main

import (
    "crypto/rand"
    "crypto/rsa"
    "crypto/x509"
    "encoding/pem"
    "errors"
    "fmt"
)

func GenerateRsaKeyPair() (*rsa.PrivateKey, *rsa.PublicKey) {
    privkey, _ := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 4096)
    return privkey, &privkey.PublicKey
}

func ExportRsaPrivateKeyAsPemStr(privkey *rsa.PrivateKey) string {
    privkey_bytes := x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(privkey)
    privkey_pem := pem.EncodeToMemory(
        &pem.Block{
            Type:  "RSA PRIVATE KEY",
            Bytes: privkey_bytes,
        },
    )
    return string(privkey_pem)
}

func ParseRsaPrivateKeyFromPemStr(privPEM string) (*rsa.PrivateKey, error) {
    block, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(privPEM))
    if block == nil {
        return nil, errors.New("failed to parse PEM block containing the key")
    }

    priv, err := x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(block.Bytes)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    return priv, nil
}

func ExportRsaPublicKeyAsPemStr(pubkey *rsa.PublicKey) (string, error) {
    pubkey_bytes, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(pubkey)
    if err != nil {
        return "", err
    }
    pubkey_pem := pem.EncodeToMemory(
        &pem.Block{
            Type:  "RSA PUBLIC KEY",
            Bytes: pubkey_bytes,
        },
    )

    return string(pubkey_pem), nil
}

func ParseRsaPublicKeyFromPemStr(pubPEM string) (*rsa.PublicKey, error) {
    block, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(pubPEM))
    if block == nil {
        return nil, errors.New("failed to parse PEM block containing the key")
    }

    pub, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(block.Bytes)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    switch pub := pub.(type) {
    case *rsa.PublicKey:
        return pub, nil
    default:
        break // fall through
    }
    return nil, errors.New("Key type is not RSA")
}

func main() {

    // 创建密钥对
    priv, pub := GenerateRsaKeyPair()

    // 导出密钥为pem字符串
    priv_pem := ExportRsaPrivateKeyAsPemStr(priv)
    pub_pem, _ := ExportRsaPublicKeyAsPemStr(pub)

    // 从pem字符串导入密钥
    priv_parsed, _ := ParseRsaPrivateKeyFromPemStr(priv_pem)
    pub_parsed, _ := ParseRsaPublicKeyFromPemStr(pub_pem)

    // 导出新导入的密钥
    priv_parsed_pem := ExportRsaPrivateKeyAsPemStr(priv_parsed)
    pub_parsed_pem, _ := ExportRsaPublicKeyAsPemStr(pub_parsed)

    fmt.Println(priv_parsed_pem)
    fmt.Println(pub_parsed_pem)

    // 检查导出/导入的密钥是否与原始密钥匹配
    if priv_pem != priv_parsed_pem || pub_pem != pub_parsed_pem {
        fmt.Println("Failure: Export and Import did not result in same Keys")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Success")
    }
}
英文:

Here's code snippet that shows the import and export of both public and private keys. It's based on the other answers which were super helpful, as well as copy-pasta from the official docs.

package main
import (
"crypto/rand"
"crypto/rsa"
"crypto/x509"
"encoding/pem"
"errors"
"fmt"
)
func GenerateRsaKeyPair() (*rsa.PrivateKey, *rsa.PublicKey) {
privkey, _ := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 4096)
return privkey, &privkey.PublicKey
}
func ExportRsaPrivateKeyAsPemStr(privkey *rsa.PrivateKey) string {
privkey_bytes := x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(privkey)
privkey_pem := pem.EncodeToMemory(
&pem.Block{
Type:  "RSA PRIVATE KEY",
Bytes: privkey_bytes,
},
)
return string(privkey_pem)
}
func ParseRsaPrivateKeyFromPemStr(privPEM string) (*rsa.PrivateKey, error) {
block, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(privPEM))
if block == nil {
return nil, errors.New("failed to parse PEM block containing the key")
}
priv, err := x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(block.Bytes)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return priv, nil
}
func ExportRsaPublicKeyAsPemStr(pubkey *rsa.PublicKey) (string, error) {
pubkey_bytes, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(pubkey)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
pubkey_pem := pem.EncodeToMemory(
&pem.Block{
Type:  "RSA PUBLIC KEY",
Bytes: pubkey_bytes,
},
)
return string(pubkey_pem), nil
}
func ParseRsaPublicKeyFromPemStr(pubPEM string) (*rsa.PublicKey, error) {
block, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(pubPEM))
if block == nil {
return nil, errors.New("failed to parse PEM block containing the key")
}
pub, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(block.Bytes)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
switch pub := pub.(type) {
case *rsa.PublicKey:
return pub, nil
default:
break // fall through
}
return nil, errors.New("Key type is not RSA")
}
func main() {
// Create the keys
priv, pub := GenerateRsaKeyPair()
// Export the keys to pem string
priv_pem := ExportRsaPrivateKeyAsPemStr(priv)
pub_pem, _ := ExportRsaPublicKeyAsPemStr(pub)
// Import the keys from pem string
priv_parsed, _ := ParseRsaPrivateKeyFromPemStr(priv_pem)
pub_parsed, _ := ParseRsaPublicKeyFromPemStr(pub_pem)
// Export the newly imported keys
priv_parsed_pem := ExportRsaPrivateKeyAsPemStr(priv_parsed)
pub_parsed_pem, _ := ExportRsaPublicKeyAsPemStr(pub_parsed)
fmt.Println(priv_parsed_pem)
fmt.Println(pub_parsed_pem)
// Check that the exported/imported keys match the original keys
if priv_pem != priv_parsed_pem || pub_pem != pub_parsed_pem {
fmt.Println("Failure: Export and Import did not result in same Keys")
} else {
fmt.Println("Success")
}
}

答案3

得分: 30

由于您的问题中的公钥部分没有得到回答,而我刚好遇到了同样的问题并解决了它,所以在这里是解决方法:

请注意MarshalPKIXPublicKey参数前面的&

Priv := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 4096)
pubASN1, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(&Priv.PublicKey)
if err != nil {
// 处理错误
}
pubBytes := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{
Type:  "RSA PUBLIC KEY",
Bytes: pubASN1,
})
ioutil.WriteFile("key.pub", pubBytes, 0644)

相关阅读:

  • MarshalPKIXPublicKey(pub interface{}) ([]byte, error) godoc
  • EncodeToMemory(b *Block) []byte godoc
  • Block godoc

PS: MarshalPKIXPublicKey也接受ECDSA密钥,根据需要调整pem头部。

英文:

Since the public key part of your question wasn't answered and I just ran into the same problem and solved it, here it is:

Note the & in front of the Argument to MarshalPKIXPublicKey

Priv := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 4096)
pubASN1, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(&Priv.PublicKey)
if err != nil {
// do something about it
}
pubBytes := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{
Type:  "RSA PUBLIC KEY",
Bytes: pubASN1,
})
ioutil.WriteFile("key.pub", pubBytes, 0644)

Relevant reads:

  • MarshalPKIXPublicKey(pub interface{}) ([]byte, error) godoc
  • EncodeToMemory(b *Block) []byte godoc
  • Block godoc

PS: MarshalPKIXPublicKey also accepts ECDSA keys, ajust the pem header appropriately.

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2012年11月26日 04:20:03
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/13555085.html
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