Go类型转换和未导出的CGo类型

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英文:

Go type conversions and unexported CGo types

问题

假设有一个CGo包,其中定义了一个如下所示的结构体:

package test
...
type Test struct {
    Field *C.C_Test
}
...

现在假设我从其他地方得到了一个我知道指向C_Test C结构体的unsafe.Pointer

我理解得对吗,即在一个不同于test包的包中,没有完全的方法可以使用unsafe.Pointer值创建新的test.Test实例?

尝试使用类似&test.Test{ptr}的东西,其中ptrunsafe.Pointer值,由于明显的原因而失败,出现消息cannot use ptr (type unsafe.Pointer) as type *test._Ctype_C_Test in field value,并且类型转换为*test._Ctype_C_Test也不起作用,因为此类型未导出。
而且我认为,让我的其他模块使用CGo并在其中重新定义相同的C结构体也行不通,因为该包将具有类似于client._Ctype_C_Test的内容,但test.Test需要test._Ctype_C_Test,从类型检查器的角度来看,它们是不同的。

一些背景: 当我使用go-gtk库的GtkBuilder时,我需要一种创建这样的结构体的方法。
它的GtkBuilder.GetObject(name)方法返回*GObject指针,该指针又包含了我需要以某种方式转换为gtk.GtkEntry结构体的unsafe.Pointer字段。gtk.GtkEntry本身包含了类型为gtk.GtkWidget的隐式字段,该字段具有类型为*C.GtkWidget的显式字段,因此我需要将unsafe.Pointer转换为*C.GtkWidget,但是我不能,正如我在上面的简单示例中所描述的那样。

更新: 这是我试图使其工作的代码:https://gist.github.com/4141343

英文:

Suppose there is CGo package with a struct defined like this:

package test
...
type Test struct {
    Field *C.C_Test
}
...

Now suppose that from somewhere else I get unsafe.Pointer which I know points to C_Test C structure.

Do I understand correctly that there is completely no way to create new test.Test instance from the unsafe.Pointer value while being in a package other than test?

Attempting to use something like &test.Test{ptr}, where ptr is unsafe.Pointer value, fails for obvious reasons with message cannot use ptr (type unsafe.Pointer) as type *test._Ctype_C_Test in field value, and type conversion to *test._Ctype_C_Test does not work as well because this type is not exported.
And I think that making my other module to use CGo and redefining the same C structure in it will not work either since that package will have something like client._Ctype_C_Test but test.Test requires test._Ctype_C_Test, and they are different from the point of view of the typechecker.

Some background: I need a way to create such structure when I use GtkBuilder with go-gtk library.
Its GtkBuilder.GetObject(name) method returns *GObject pointer which in turn contains unsafe.Pointer field which I need to turn somehow into, say, gtk.GtkEntry struct. gtk.GtkEntry itself contains implicit field of type gtk.GtkWidget which has explicit field of type *C.GtkWidget, so I need to convert unsafe.Pointer to *C.GtkWidget, but I cannot, as I have described in the simple example above.

Update: here is the code I'm trying to force to work: https://gist.github.com/4141343

答案1

得分: 3

我在golang-nuts上提了一个问题,并得到了一个关于如何实现我想要的功能的示例。现在似乎可以工作了。以下是Ian的答案中的代码:

var t test.Test
p := (*unsafe.Pointer)(unsafe.Pointer(&t.Field))
*p = unsafe.Pointer(u)

所以,所需的只是将unsafe.Pointer转换两次,然后转换为*unsafe.Pointer。我编写了以下代码来简化赋值过程:

func Assign(to unsafe.Pointer, from unsafe.Pointer) {
    fptr := (*unsafe.Pointer)(from)
    tptr := (*unsafe.Pointer)(to)
    *tptr = *fptr
}

func Init(builder *gtk.GtkBuilder) {
    messageNameEntryWidget := gtk.GtkWidget{}
    Assign(unsafe.Pointer(&messageNameEntryWidget.Widget),
           unsafe.Pointer(&builder.GetObject("messageNameEntry").Object))
}

然后,我决定不再使用GTK,因为像这样的技巧很痛苦),但这与问题无关。

英文:

I asked a question on golang-nuts and was given an example on how to do what I want. It seems to work now. Here is the code from Ian's answer:

var t test.Test
p := (*unsafe.Pointer)(unsafe.Pointer(&t.Field))
*p = unsafe.Pointer(u)

So, all what was needed is double cast to unsafe.Pointer and then to *unsafe.Pointer. I came up with the following code to simplify the assign process:

func Assign(to unsafe.Pointer, from unsafe.Pointer) {
    fptr := (*unsafe.Pointer)(from)
    tptr := (*unsafe.Pointer)(to)
    *tptr = *fptr
}

func Init(builder *gtk.GtkBuilder) {
    messageNameEntryWidget := gtk.GtkWidget{}
    Assign(unsafe.Pointer(&messageNameEntryWidget.Widget),
           unsafe.Pointer(&builder.GetObject("messageNameEntry").Object))
}

Then, however, I decided to abstain from using GTK, since it is painful to do tricks like this) but this is not related to the question.

答案2

得分: 2

是这样测试的吗?

foo := test.Test{}
*(unsafe.Pointer)(&foo.Field) = ptr

我希望这样能够工作。(希望如此。)

英文:

Was something like

foo := test.Test{}
*(unsafe.Pointer)(&foo.Field) = ptr

also tested? I would expect that to work. (Hope so. Kinda.)

EDIT 2012-11-24 13:42 UTC: 2nd attempt

package main

/*

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct {
        int foo;
        char *bar;
} Test_t;

void test_dump(Test_t *test) {
        printf(".foo %d, .bar %s\n", test->foo, test->bar);
}

void *test_new(int foo, char *bar) {
        Test_t *p = malloc(sizeof(Test_t));
        p->foo = foo;
        p->bar = bar;
        return p;
}

*/
import "C"

import "unsafe"

type Test struct {
        Field *C.Test_t
}

func main() {
        hello := C.CString("Hello")
        defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(hello))
        test := &Test{(*C.Test_t)(C.test_new(42, hello))}
        C.test_dump(test.Field)
}

$ go clean && go build && ls
main.go  13535422
$ ./13535422 
.foo 42, .bar Hello
$ 

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2012年11月24日 04:35:25
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/13535422.html
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