英文:
How to get a value from an XML using XPath in Go
问题
在查看go xml package时，我没有找到这样的可能性。
Go只允许定义结构树，将其映射到XML树并使用<code>xml.NewDecoder(myXmlString).Decode(myStruct)</code>进行反序列化。
即使我定义了所需的Go结构树，我仍然无法使用XPath查询该树。
C#有一个方便的函数SelectSingleNode，可以通过指定XPath从XML树中选择值，而无需在C#类中复制整个树结构。
Go中是否有类似的可能性？
如果没有，那么实现它的最简单方法是什么（可能可以重用xml包）？
英文:
Looking at go xml package I could not find such possibility.
Go only allows to define tree of structures, map them to XML tree and deserialize using <code>xml.NewDecoder(myXmlString).Decode(myStruct)</code>.
Even if I define needed tree of Go structures, I still can't query that tree using XPath.
C# has convenient function SelectSingleNode that allows to select value from XML tree by specifying XPath without duplicating whole tree structure in C# classes.
Is there similar possibility in Go ?
If not then what is simplest way to implement it (possibly reusing xml package) ?
答案1
得分: 15
还有一个xmlpath包。
示例用法：
path := xmlpath.MustCompile("/library/book/isbn")root, err := xmlpath.Parse(file)if err != nil {log.Fatal(err)}if value, ok := path.String(root); ok {fmt.Println("找到：", value)}
英文:
There's also the xmlpath package.
Sample usage:
path := xmlpath.MustCompile("/library/book/isbn")root, err := xmlpath.Parse(file)if err != nil {log.Fatal(err)}if value, ok := path.String(root); ok {fmt.Println("Found:", value)}
答案2
得分: 14
在Go的标准包中没有XPath解析功能，所以你需要使用第三方包。
我知道的一个包是Gokogiri。
该包基于libxml2并使用cgo。
你需要导入的子包是github.com/moovweb/gokogiri/xpath。
英文:
There is no xpath parsing in the standard packages of Go, so you need to resort to using a 3rd party package.
Then one I know of is Gokogiri
The package is based on libxml2 using cgo
The subpackage you want to import is github.com/moovweb/gokogiri/xpath
答案3
得分: 9
即使不使用xpath，您也可以使用原生的go xml encoder包从XML中读取值。您可以使用xml.Unmarshal()函数。这里是一个go play的示例。
package mainimport "fmt"import "encoding/xml"func main() {type People struct {Names []string `xml:"Person>FullName"`}data := `<People><Person><FullName>Jerome Anthony</FullName></Person><Person><FullName>Christina</FullName></Person></People>`v := People{Names: []string{}}err := xml.Unmarshal([]byte(data), &v)if err != nil {fmt.Printf("error: %v", err)return}fmt.Printf("Names of people: %q", v)}
英文:
Even though not xpath, you can read values out of XML with the native go xml encoder package. You would use the xml.Unmarshal() function. Here is a go play example.
package mainimport "fmt"import "encoding/xml"func main() {type People struct {Names []string `xml:"Person>FullName"`}data := `<People><Person><FullName>Jerome Anthony</FullName></Person><Person><FullName>Christina</FullName></Person></People>`v := People{Names: []string{}}err := xml.Unmarshal([]byte(data), &v)if err != nil {fmt.Printf("error: %v", err)return}fmt.Printf("Names of people: %q", v)}
答案4
得分: 6
xmlquery 允许您使用XPath表达式从XML文档中提取数据。
package mainimport ("fmt""strings""github.com/antchfx/xmlquery")func main() {htmlstr := `<?xml version="1.0" ?><html><head><title>this is a title</title></head><body>Hello,World</body></html>`root, err := xmlquery.Parse(strings.NewReader(htmlstr))if err != nil {panic(err)}title := xmlquery.FindOne(root, "//title")fmt.Println(title.InnerText())}
英文:
xmlquery lets you extract data from XML documents using XPath expression.
package mainimport ("fmt""strings""github.com/antchfx/xmlquery")func main() {htmlstr := `<?xml version="1.0" ?><html><head><title>this is a title</title></head><body>Hello,World</body></html>`root, err := xmlquery.Parse(strings.NewReader(htmlstr))if err != nil {panic(err)}title := xmlquery.FindOne(root, "//title")fmt.Println(title.InnerText())}
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