英文:
Find the path to the executable
问题
我使用Go编译程序，可以在各个平台上通过调用相对路径或者直接使用程序名（如果在PATH变量中）来运行它。
是否有办法找出可执行文件的位置？
比如，我的程序叫做“foo(.exe)"。我可以通过./foo、foo（如果在PATH中）、../../subdir/subdir/foo来运行它。
我尝试使用os.Args[0]，我猜我应该检查程序名是否包含除了“foo”之外的其他内容。如果是，使用filepath.Abs，如果不是，使用（我找不到函数名，有一个函数可以查找PATH来确定程序的位置）。
英文:
I compile a program with Go for various platforms and run it by calling a relative path or just by its name (if it is in the PATH variable).
Is it possible to find out where the executable is?
Say, my program is called "foo(.exe)". I can run ./foo, foo (if it's in the PATH), ../../subdir/subdir/foo.
I have tried to use os.Args[0] and I guess I should check if the program name contains something different besides "foo". If yes, use filepath.Abs, if no, use (I can't find the function name, there is a function that looks through the PATH to check where the program is).
答案1
得分: 48
你可以在Go 1.8或更高版本中使用os.Executable来获取可执行文件的路径。
import (
"os"
"path"
"log"
)
func main() {
ex, err := os.Executable()
if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) }
dir := path.Dir(ex)
log.Print(dir)
}
英文:
You can use os.Executable for getting executable path on Go 1.8 or above version.
import (
"os"
"path"
"log"
)
func main() {
ex, err := os.Executable()
if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) }
dir := path.Dir(ex)
log.Print(dir)
}
答案2
得分: 46
使用osext包。
它提供了一个名为Executable()的函数，返回当前程序可执行文件的绝对路径。
它在不同系统之间是可移植的。
<!-- language: go -->
package main
import (
"github.com/kardianos/osext"
"fmt"
)
func main() {
filename, _ := osext.Executable()
fmt.Println(filename)
}
英文:
Use package osext.
It's providing function Executable() that returns an absolute path to the current program executable.
It's portable between systems.
<!-- language: go -->
package main
import (
"github.com/kardianos/osext"
"fmt"
)
func main() {
filename, _ := osext.Executable()
fmt.Println(filename)
}
答案3
得分: 4
这不是特定于Go的（除非Go的“标准库”中包含某些执行此操作的函数），也没有可移植的解决方案。有关一些常见平台的解决方案，请参见例如https://stackoverflow.com/questions/933850/how-to-find-the-location-of-the-executable-in-c或https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1023306/finding-current-executables-path-without-proc-self-exe/1024937#1024937。
英文:
This is not go-specific (unless the go "standard library" contains some function to do it), and there is no portable solution. For solutions on some common platforms, see e.g. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/933850/how-to-find-the-location-of-the-executable-in-c or https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1023306/finding-current-executables-path-without-proc-self-exe/1024937#1024937 .
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